Evaluation of the efficacy of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor in removal of colour and reduction of COD in real textile wastewater.

The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was evaluated for its efficacy in decolourization and reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) of real textile wastewater (RTW) under different operational conditions. The efficiency of UASB reactor in reducing COD was found to be over 90%. Over 92% of colour removal due to biodegradation was achieved. The activities of the anaerobic granules were not affected during the treatment of textile wastewater. Cocci-shaped bacteria were the dominant group over Methanothrix like bacteria in textile wastewater treatment. Alkalinity, volatile fatty acids (VFA) content and pH in effluents indicated that the anaerobic process was not inhibited by textile wastewater. It is concluded that UASB reactor system can effectively be used in the treatment of textile wastewater for the removal of colour and in the reduction of COD.

[1]  Richard E. Speece,et al.  Anaerobic Biotechnology for Industrial Wastewaters , 1996 .

[2]  Jules B van Lier,et al.  Review paper on current technologies for decolourisation of textile wastewaters: perspectives for anaerobic biotechnology. , 2007, Bioresource technology.

[3]  E. Arnold,et al.  Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 16th ed. , 1985 .

[4]  Makarand M. Ghangrekar,et al.  Experience with UASB reactor start-up under different operating conditions , 1996 .

[5]  H. Pinheiro,et al.  Batch tests for assessing decolourisation of azo dyes by methanogenic and mixed cultures. , 2001, Journal of Biotechnology.

[6]  J. V. Lier,et al.  The transformation and toxicity of anthraquinone dyes during thermophilic (55 ◦ C) and mesophilic (30 ◦ C) anaerobic treatments , 2005 .

[7]  Kusum Lata,et al.  State-of-the-art of anaerobic digestion technology for industrial wastewater treatment , 2000 .

[8]  F. Omil,et al.  Anaerobic treatment of azo dye Acid Orange 7 under batch conditions. , 2005 .

[9]  Anaerobic biodegradation of spent sulphite liquor in a UASB reactor. , 2002, Bioresource technology.

[10]  Pen-Chi Chiang,et al.  Decolorization of Wastewater , 2000 .

[11]  Cliona O’Neill,et al.  Colour in textile effluents – sources, measurement, discharge consents and simulation: a review , 1999 .

[12]  Cliona O’Neill,et al.  Anaerobic treatment of textile effluents: A review , 1998 .

[13]  A Tilche,et al.  New perspectives in anaerobic digestion. , 2001, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[14]  M. Lucas,et al.  Degradation of Reactive black 5 by Fenton/UV-C and ferrioxalate /H2O2 /solar light processes , 2007 .

[15]  Gulen Eremektar,et al.  Color removal from textile wastewaters , 1996 .

[16]  Sanjeev Chaudhari,et al.  Adsorption and biological decolourization of azo dye Reactive Red 2 in semicontinuous anaerobic reactors , 2005 .

[17]  G. Demirer,et al.  Anaerobic Treatment of Synthetic Textile Wastewater Containing a Reactive Azo Dye , 2003 .

[18]  Hideki Harada,et al.  Anaerobic treatment of a recalcitrant distillery wastewater by a thermophilic UASB reactor , 1996 .

[19]  K. Buchauer,et al.  A comparison of two simple titration procedures to determine volatile fatty acids in influents to waste-water and sludge treatment processes , 1998 .

[20]  Poonam Singh,et al.  Bacterial Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes , 2007 .

[21]  S. Wilcox,et al.  Anaerobic–aerobic biotreatment of simulated textile effluent containing varied ratios of starch and azo dye , 2000 .

[22]  N Balasubramanian,et al.  Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse. , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[23]  Ray Bert.  Book Review: \IMovable Bridge Engineering\N by Terry L. Koglin. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2003 , 2003 .

[24]  Y. Li,et al.  UASB treatment of wastewater containing concentrated benzoate , 1995 .

[25]  I. Kapdan,et al.  Application of anaerobic–aerobic sequential treatment system to real textile wastewater for color and COD removal , 2005 .

[26]  S. Hwang,et al.  Decolorization of the textile dyes by newly isolated bacterial strains. , 2003, Journal of biotechnology.

[27]  G. Lettinga,et al.  Detoxification and partial mineralization of the azo dye mordant orange 1 in a continuous upflow anaerobic sludge-blanket reactor , 1997, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[28]  Sanjeev Chaudhari,et al.  Decolorization of indigo and azo dyes in semicontinuous reactors with long hydraulic retention time , 2003 .

[29]  Carolyn I. Pearce,et al.  The removal of colour from textile wastewater using whole bacterial cells: a review , 2003 .

[30]  D. Sponza,et al.  Decolorization and azo dye degradation by anaerobic/aerobic sequential process , 2002 .

[31]  F P van der Zee,et al.  Azo dye decolourisation by anaerobic granular sludge. , 2001, Chemosphere.

[32]  I. Kapdan,et al.  The effect of hydraulic residence time and initial COD concentration on color and COD removal performance of the anaerobic-aerobic SBR system. , 2006, Journal of hazardous materials.

[33]  The inhibitory effects of lindane in batch and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[34]  B. Mattiasson,et al.  Decolorization of synthetic and real textile wastewater by the use of white-rot fungi , 2006 .

[35]  S. Chinwetkitvanich,et al.  Anaerobic decolorization of reactive dyebath effluents by a two-stage UASB system with tapioca as a co-substrate , 2000 .

[36]  Soon-An Ong,et al.  Decolorization of azo dye (Orange II) in a sequential UASB–SBR system , 2005 .

[37]  Delia Teresa Sponza,et al.  Anaerobic/aerobic sequential treatment of a cotton textile mill wastewater , 2004 .

[38]  J. Knapp,et al.  The microbiological decolorization of an industrial effluent containing a diazo-linked chromophore , 1995 .

[39]  Delia Teresa Sponza,et al.  Biological treatment of acid dyeing wastewater using a sequential anaerobic/aerobic reactor system , 2006 .

[40]  M. Swaminathan,et al.  Photochemical oxidation of reactive azo dye with UV–H2O2 process , 2004 .

[41]  S. Ledakowicz,et al.  Biodegradation, decolourisation and detoxification of textile wastewater enhanced by advanced oxidation processes. , 2001, Journal of biotechnology.

[42]  Philippe Moulin,et al.  Treatment and reuse of reactive dyeing effluents , 2006 .

[43]  D. Sponza,et al.  Effects of alkalinity and co-substrate on the performance of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor through decolorization of Congo Red azo dye. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[44]  I. Gonçalves,et al.  Monoazo and diazo dye decolourisation studies in a methanogenic UASB reactor. , 2005, Journal of biotechnology.