Facial Recognition in Video

There is a physiological reason, backed up by the theory of visual attention in living organisms, why animals look into each others' eyes. This is to illustrate the main two properties in which recognizing of faces in video differs from its static counterpart - recognizing of faces in images. First, the lack of resolution in video is abundantly compensated by the information coming from the time dimension. Video data is inherently of a dynamic nature. Second, video processing is a phenomena occurring all the time around us - in biological systems, and many results unraveling the intricacies of biological vision already obtained. At the same time, as we examine the way the video-based face recognition is approached by computer scientists, we notice that up till now video information is often used partially and therefore not very efficiently. This work aims at bridging this gap. We develop a multi-channel framework for video-based face processing, which incorporates the dynamic component of video. The utility of the framework is shown on the example of detecting and recognizing faces from blinking. While doing that we derive a canonical representation of a face best suited for the task.

[1]  Paul A. Viola,et al.  A unified learning framework for real time face detection and classification , 2002, Proceedings of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face Gesture Recognition.

[2]  T. Ebrahimi,et al.  Change detection and background extraction by linear algebra , 2001, Proc. IEEE.

[3]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Neural Network-Based Face Detection , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[4]  Dmitry O. Gorodnichy,et al.  On importance of nose for face tracking , 2002, Proceedings of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face Gesture Recognition.

[5]  Maja Pantic,et al.  Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art , 2000, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[6]  Raphaël Féraud,et al.  A Fast and Accurate Face Detector Based on Neural Networks , 2001, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[7]  Erik Hjelmås,et al.  Face Detection: A Survey , 2001, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[8]  Massimiliano Pontil,et al.  Face Detection in Still Gray Images , 2000 .

[9]  Dmitry O. Gorodnichy,et al.  Affordable 3D Face Tracking Using Projective Vision , 2002 .

[10]  Gary Bradski,et al.  Computer Vision Face Tracking For Use in a Perceptual User Interface , 1998 .

[11]  Margrit Betke,et al.  Communication via eye blinks - detection and duration analysis in real time , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. CVPR 2001.

[12]  Touradj Ebrahimi,et al.  MPEG-4 natural video coding - An overview , 2000, Signal Process. Image Commun..

[13]  James L. Crowley,et al.  Multi-modal tracking of faces for video communications , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[14]  Qian Chen,et al.  Face Detection From Color Images Using a Fuzzy Pattern Matching Method , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[15]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Recognizing Action Units for Facial Expression Analysis , 2001, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[16]  C. Koch,et al.  Computational modelling of visual attention , 2001, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[17]  Dmitry O. Gorodnichy,et al.  Increasing Attraction of Pseudo-Inverse Autoassociative Networks , 1997, Neural Processing Letters.

[18]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Face Detection in Color Images , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[19]  Changbo Hu,et al.  TLA Based Face Tracking , 2002 .

[20]  Narendra Ahuja,et al.  Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..