Lens equation for flat lenses made with hyperbolic metamaterials.

This study aims to give a general theory that enables the design of flat lenses based on hyperbolic metamaterials. We derive a lens equation that is demonstrated to involve the curvature of the dispersion relation. Guided by this theory, hyperbolic lenses of focal length ranging from zero to a few wavelength are simulated. High transmission efficiency is also obtained by reducing the amount of metal compared to the dielectric material.

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