Solution‐Processed 3D RGO–MoS2/Pyramid Si Heterojunction for Ultrahigh Detectivity and Ultra‐Broadband Photodetection

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ), a typical 2D metal dichalcogenide (2DMD), has exhibited tremendous potential in optoelectronic device applications, especially in photodetection. However, due to the weak light absorption of planar mono-/multilayers, limited cutoff wavelength edge, and lack of high-quality junctions, most reported MoS2 -based photodetectors show undesirable performance. Here, a structurized 3D heterojunction of RGO-MoS2 /pyramid Si is demonstrated via a simple solution-processing method. Owing to the improved light absorption by the pyramid structure, the narrowed bandgap of the MoS2 by the imperfect crystallinity, and the enhanced charge separation/transportation by the inserted reduced graphene oxide (RGO), the assembled photodetector exhibits excellent performance in terms of a large responsivity of 21.8 A W-1 , extremely high detectivity up to 3.8 × 1015 Jones (Jones = cm Hz1/2 W-1 ) and ultrabroad spectrum response ranging from 350 nm (ultraviolet) to 4.3 µm (midwave infrared). These device parameters represent the best results for MoS2 -based self-driven photodetectors, and the detectivity value sets a new record for the 2DMD-based photodetectors reported thus far. Prospectively, the design of novel 3D heterojunction can be extended to other 2DMDs, opening up the opportunities for a host of high-performance optoelectronic devices.

[1]  Monolayer MoS2/GaAs heterostructure self-driven photodetector with extremely high detectivity , 2015, 1512.06867.

[2]  B. Mehta,et al.  Enhanced charge separation at 2D MoS2/ZnS heterojunction: KPFM based study of interface photovoltage , 2017 .

[3]  Hua Zhang,et al.  Single-layer MoS2 phototransistors. , 2012, ACS nano.

[4]  H. Jeong,et al.  High-quality graphene via microwave reduction of solution-exfoliated graphene oxide , 2016, Science.

[5]  E. Yablonovitch,et al.  Near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield in MoS2 , 2015, Science.

[6]  Do-Young Kim,et al.  Low‐Noise Multispectral Photodetectors Made from All Solution‐Processed Inorganic Semiconductors , 2014 .

[7]  Y. Chai,et al.  Direct TEM observations of growth mechanisms of two-dimensional MoS2 flakes , 2016, Nature Communications.

[8]  Chel-Jong Choi,et al.  Wafer‐Scale, Homogeneous MoS2 Layers on Plastic Substrates for Flexible Visible‐Light Photodetectors , 2016, Advanced materials.

[9]  Jiansheng Jie,et al.  12.35% efficient graphene quantum dots/silicon heterojunction solar cells using graphene transparent electrode , 2017 .

[10]  Kai Xu,et al.  Tunable GaTe-MoS2 van der Waals p-n Junctions with Novel Optoelectronic Performance. , 2015, Nano letters.

[11]  Marco Bernardi,et al.  Extraordinary sunlight absorption and one nanometer thick photovoltaics using two-dimensional monolayer materials. , 2013, Nano letters.

[12]  Junsong Yuan,et al.  Exploring atomic defects in molybdenum disulphide monolayers , 2015, Nature Communications.

[13]  Lianxi Zheng,et al.  Self-powered, visible-light photodetector based on thermally reduced graphene oxide–ZnO (rGO–ZnO) hybrid nanostructure , 2012 .

[14]  Chao Xie,et al.  Photodetectors Based on Two‐Dimensional Layered Materials Beyond Graphene , 2017 .

[15]  Soon Cheol Hong,et al.  High‐Detectivity Multilayer MoS2 Phototransistors with Spectral Response from Ultraviolet to Infrared , 2012, Advanced materials.

[16]  Kinam Kim,et al.  High-mobility and low-power thin-film transistors based on multilayer MoS2 crystals , 2012, Nature Communications.

[17]  Wei Lu,et al.  Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Photodetection in Few Layer MoS2 Phototransistors with Au Nanostructure Arrays. , 2015, Small.

[18]  G. Ozin,et al.  Colloidal synthesis of 1T-WS2 and 2H-WS2 nanosheets: applications for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[19]  Bo Zhang,et al.  Ultrabroadband MoS2 Photodetector with Spectral Response from 445 to 2717 nm , 2017, Advanced materials.

[20]  Towards intrinsic charge transport in monolayer molybdenum disulfide by defect and interface engineering. , 2014, Nature communications.

[21]  Peng Wang,et al.  High‐Mobility Multilayered MoS2 Flakes with Low Contact Resistance Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition , 2017, Advanced materials.

[22]  Yingchun Cheng,et al.  Photovoltaic Heterojunctions of Fullerenes with MoS2 and WS2 Monolayers. , 2014, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[23]  Ying Chen,et al.  Achieving Uniform Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Film on Silicon Wafer via Silanization Treatment: A Typical Study on WS2 , 2017, Advanced materials.

[24]  Lili Wang,et al.  Recent Progress of Self-Powered Sensing Systems for Wearable Electronics. , 2017, Small.

[25]  Yan Zhang,et al.  In Situ Fabrication of Vertical Multilayered MoS2/Si Homotype Heterojunction for High-Speed Visible-Near-Infrared Photodetectors. , 2016, Small.

[26]  Jiwon Jeon,et al.  Dye-sensitized MoS2 photodetector with enhanced spectral photoresponse. , 2014, ACS nano.

[27]  M. Tang,et al.  Ultrasensitive and Broadband MoS2 Photodetector Driven by Ferroelectrics , 2015, Advanced materials.

[28]  Andras Kis,et al.  Ultrasensitive photodetectors based on monolayer MoS2. , 2013, Nature nanotechnology.

[29]  Jiansheng Jie,et al.  Surface charge transfer doping induced inversion layer for high-performance graphene/silicon heterojunction solar cells , 2017 .

[30]  F. Miao,et al.  Van der Waals epitaxial growth and optoelectronics of large-scale WSe2/SnS2 vertical bilayer p–n junctions , 2017, Nature Communications.

[31]  Meimei Z. Tidrow,et al.  High detectivity InGaAs/InGaP quantum-dot infrared photodetectors grown by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition , 2004 .

[32]  M. Chhowalla,et al.  Metallic 1T phase MoS2 nanosheets as supercapacitor electrode materials. , 2015, Nature nanotechnology.

[33]  K. Banerjee,et al.  MoS₂ field-effect transistor for next-generation label-free biosensors. , 2014, ACS nano.

[34]  Yu-Chuan Lin,et al.  Growth of large-area and highly crystalline MoS2 thin layers on insulating substrates. , 2012, Nano letters.

[35]  J. Shan,et al.  Atomically thin MoS₂: a new direct-gap semiconductor. , 2010, Physical review letters.

[36]  Zhuo. Sun,et al.  MoS2-reduced graphene oxide composites via microwave assisted synthesis for sodium ion battery anode with improved capacity and cycling performance , 2015 .

[37]  Jiansheng Jie,et al.  High-Responsivity, High-Detectivity, Ultrafast Topological Insulator Bi2Se3/Silicon Heterostructure Broadband Photodetectors. , 2016, ACS nano.

[38]  W. Mönch,et al.  Valence-band offsets and Schottky barrier heights of layered semiconductors explained by interface-induced gap states , 1998 .

[39]  Shannon E. Ellis,et al.  Cross-tissue integration of genetic and epigenetic data offers insight into autism spectrum disorder , 2016, Nature Communications.

[40]  W. Shen,et al.  All‐Solution‐Processed Random Si Nanopyramids for Excellent Light Trapping in Ultrathin Solar Cells , 2016 .

[41]  D. Tsai,et al.  Monolayer MoS2 heterojunction solar cells. , 2014, ACS nano.

[42]  Feng Wang,et al.  Configuration‐Dependent Electrically Tunable Van der Waals Heterostructures Based on MoTe2/MoS2 , 2016 .

[43]  X. Duan,et al.  Band‐Selective Infrared Photodetectors with Complete‐Composition‐Range InAsxP1‐x Alloy Nanowires , 2014, Advanced materials.

[44]  Jr-Hau He,et al.  Few-Layer MoS2 with high broadband Photogain and fast optical switching for use in harsh environments. , 2013, ACS nano.

[45]  Hisato Yamaguchi,et al.  Photoluminescence from chemically exfoliated MoS2. , 2011, Nano letters.

[46]  Bin Yu,et al.  Contacts between Two- and Three-Dimensional Materials: Ohmic, Schottky, and p-n Heterojunctions. , 2016, ACS nano.

[47]  Hui‐Ming Cheng,et al.  Efficient preparation of large-area graphene oxide sheets for transparent conductive films. , 2010, ACS nano.

[48]  Yanjie Hu,et al.  2D Monolayer MoS2–Carbon Interoverlapped Superstructure: Engineering Ideal Atomic Interface for Lithium Ion Storage , 2015, Advanced materials.

[49]  C. Sow,et al.  Improved photoelectrical properties of MoS(2) films after laser micromachining. , 2014, ACS nano.

[50]  Weida Hu,et al.  Perovskite–Erbium Silicate Nanosheet Hybrid Waveguide Photodetectors at the Near‐Infrared Telecommunication Band , 2017, Advanced materials.

[51]  Jiansheng Jie,et al.  MoS2/Si Heterojunction with Vertically Standing Layered Structure for Ultrafast, High‐Detectivity, Self‐Driven Visible–Near Infrared Photodetectors , 2015 .

[52]  H. Xu,et al.  Room-temperature near-infrared photodetectors based on single heterojunction nanowires. , 2014, Nano letters.

[53]  Xingbin Yan,et al.  Large-size graphene microsheets as a protective layer for transparent conductive silver nanowire film heaters , 2014 .