Introduccion: El cuerpo humano responde a los factores estresantes a traves de cuatro sistemas – nervioso central, autonomo, endocrino e inmune- los cuales estan constantemente interactuando como una red compleja. Los factores estresantes principales en los lugares de trabajo equipados con computadores son lugares de trabajo pobremente disenados, especifcamente el posicionamiento de los equipos en y alrededor de los puestos de trabajo. El numero de enfermedades ocupacionales en los trabajadores de ofcina es el indicador especifco de la infuencia de los peligros existentes y factores de riesgo sobre trabajador en el ambiente de trabajo. Objetivo: Encontrar los problemas en salud y realizar sugerencias para la promocion en salud para trabajadores con computadores.Materiales y metodos: Mas de 400 condiciones en trabajadores con computadores fueron medidas con el equipo de medicion pertinente; la fatiga muscular fue medida con el miometro, la opinion de los trabajadores sobre las condiciones de trabajo fueron registradas por medio de Nordic, el indice de habilidad de trabajo (WAI por sus siglas en ingles) y el cuestionario Kiva. Los trabajadores fueron divididos en diferentes grupos por edad (A: menores de 40 anos y B: mayores de 40 anos). En este articulo se investiga la satisfaccion de los trabajadores de computadores con su condicion de trabajo. Resultados: De acuerdo con los resultado de los cuestionarios Nordic y WAI, los trastornos musculo-esqueleticos (TME) fueron observadas en el 53.6%; los problemas cardiovasculares en un 20.4% y los problemas visuales en un 16.7% de los encuestados del grupo A (menores de 40 anos). En grupo B, los TME fueron observados en un 50.1%; los problemas cardiovasculares en un 45.7% y los problemas visuales en un 23.2% de los encuestados (mayores de 40 anos). Las quejas musculares y articulares fueron reportados solo en el 19.7% de los trabajadores. La mayoria de los encuestados reportaron la existencia de dos o mas puntos locales de dolor. Los dolores de cuello, hombros, muneca y espalda fueron registrados como las principales quejas. Conclusiones: Los resultados de las mediciones de los lugares de trabajo fisicos revelaron que en algunas ofcinas hay defciencias en la iluminacion, problemas con la contaminacion del aire (altos niveles de CO2) y el bajo valor de la humedad relativa en la estacion fria. La tension muscular es a menudo a causa de la postura estatica, esta puede estar infuenciada tambien por el estres psico-emocional en lugar de trabajo. Los cuestionarios, metodos objetivos y mediciones ambientales son utiles para planifcar la prevencion y la rehabilitacion temprana antes de que aparezca la discapacidad. Palabras clave: Enfermedades osteomusculares, estres psicologico, terminales de computador, lugar de trabajo. Prevention of MSDs and psychological stress at computer-equipped workplaces Introduction: The human body responds to stress-factors through four systems – central nervous, autonomic nervous, endocrine and immune – which are constantly interacting as a complex network. The main stress-factor at the computer-equipped workplaces is a poorly designed workplace, specifcally the positioning of equipment on and around the workstation. The number of occupational diseases among offce workers is the specifc indicator of infuencing of existing hazards and risk factors on the worker in the work environment. Objective: To fnd out the health disturbances and to make the suggestions for health promotion for computer workers. Methods: Over 400 computer workers’ working conditions were measured with subsequent measuring equipment; the fatigue of muscles was measured with myometer; the investigation of the workers’ opinion on working conditions based on Nordic, Work ability index (WAI) and Kiva questionnaire was carried out. The workers were divided into different groups by the age (A: under 40 years and B: over 40 years). This paper investigates the satisfaction of computer workers with their working conditions. Results: According to the results of Nordic and WAI questionnaires, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) were observed by 53.6%; the cardiovascular disturbances by20.4% and visual disturbances by 16.7% of the respondents in group A (under 40 years). In group B, MSDs were observed by 50.1%; cardiovascular disorders by 45.7% and visual disturbances by 23.2% of the respondents (over 40 years). Muscle and joint complaints were reported only by 19.7% of workers. The majority of the respondents declared the existence of two or more local pain points. Neck, shoulder, wrist and back pain were registered as the main complaints. Conclusions: The results of measurements of physical workplaces revealed that in some offces there are defciencies in lighting, problems with stuffy air (high CO2value) and low relative humidity value on cold season. As muscle strain is often coming from the static posture, it may be infuenced also by the psycho-emotional stress at workplace. The questionnaires, objective methods and environmental measurements are useful to plan prevention and early rehabilitation before the disability appears. Keywords: Musculoskeletal diseases, psychological stress, computer terminals, workplace.
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