Handbook of frequency stability analysis

he National Institute of Standards and Technology was established in 1988 by Congress to " assist industry in the development of technology ... needed to improve product quality, to modernize manufacturing processes, to ensure product reliability ... and to facilitate rapid commercialization ... of products based on new scientific discoveries. " NIST, originally founded as the National Institute of Standards in 1901, works to strengthen U.S. industry's competitiveness; advance science and engineering; and improve public health, safety, and the environment. One of the agency's basic functions is to develop, maintain, and retain custody of the national standards of measurement, and provide the means and methods for comparing standards used in science, engineering, manufacturing, commerce, industry, and education with the standards adopted or recognized by the Federal Government. As an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration, NIST conducts basic and applied research in the physical sciences and engineering, and develops measurement techniques, test methods, standards, and related services. The Institute does generic and precompetitive work on new and advanced technologies. NIST's research facilities are located at Gaithersburg, MD 20899, and at Boulder, CO 80305. Major technical operating units and their principal activities are listed below. For more information visit the NIST Website at http://www.nist.gov, or contact the Publications and Program Inquiries Desk, 301-975-3058.

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[74]  P. Tavella,et al.  Estimating the Instabilities of N Clocks by Measuring Differences of their Readings , 1994 .

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[82]  W. J. Riley.  A test suite for the calculation of time domain frequency stability , 1995, Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (49th Annual Symposium).

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[97]  C. A. Greenhall.  Does Allan variance determine the spectrum? , 1997, Proceedings of International Frequency Control Symposium.

[98]  Charles A. Greenhall,et al.  Spectral ambiguity of Allan variance , 1998, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[99]  Estimating Frequency Stability and Cross-Correlations , 1998 .

[100]  Patrizia Tavella,et al.  The Range Covered by a Clock Error in the Case of White FM , 1998 .

[102]  D. Percival,et al.  Total variance, an estimator of long-term frequency stability [standards] , 1999, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[103]  Generalization of the Total Variance Approach to the Modified Allan Variance , 1999 .

[104]  D. Howe.  Total Variance Explained , 1999 .

[105]  Limited live-time measurements of frequency stability , 1999, Proceedings of the 1999 Joint Meeting of the European Frequency and Time Forum and the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (Cat. No.99CH36313).

[106]  Stefano Bregni,et al.  Fast computation of maximum time interval error by binary decomposition , 2000, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[107]  Estimating the stability of N clocks with correlations , 2000, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[108]  GENERALIZATION OF THE TOTAL VARIANCE APPROACH TO THE MODIFIED ALLAN VARIANCE * , 2000 .

[109]  D. Howe,et al.  The total deviation approach to long-term characterization of frequency stability , 2000, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

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[114]  David A. Howe,et al.  Total Hadamard Variance: Application to Clock Steering by Kalman Filtering , 2001 .

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[116]  David A. Howe.  Interpreting oscillatory frequency stability plots , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and PDA Exhibition (Cat. No.02CH37234).

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[118]  T. K. Peppler,et al.  Very long-term frequency stability: estimation using a special-purpose statistic , 2003, IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and PDA Exhibition Jointly with the 17th European Frequency and Time Forum, 2003. Proceedings of the 2003.

[119]  Lorenzo Galleani,et al.  The characterization of clock behavior with the dynamic Allan variance , 2003, IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and PDA Exhibition Jointly with the 17th European Frequency and Time Forum, 2003. Proceedings of the 2003.

[120]  David A. Howe,et al.  Clock jitter estimation based on PM noise measurements , 2003, IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and PDA Exhibition Jointly with the 17th European Frequency and Time Forum, 2003. Proceedings of the 2003.

[121]  C. A. Greenhall,et al.  POWER LAW NOISE IDENTIFICATION USING THE LAG 1 AUTOCORRELATION , 2004 .

[122]  Theo1 confidence intervals [frequency stability measurement applications] , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2004..

[123]  David A. Howe,et al.  Theo1: Characterization of very long-term frequency stability , 2004 .

[124]  W. Riley,et al.  Uncertainty of Stability Variances Based on Finite Differences , 2004 .

[125]  Limitations on the use of the power-law form of S/sub y/(f) to compute Allan variance , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[126]  Limitations on the use of the power-law form of Sy(f) to compute Allan variance. , 2005, IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control.

[127]  P. Tavella,et al.  Tracking nonstationarities in clock noises using the dynamic allan variance , 2005, Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2005..

[128]  W.J. Riley,et al.  Enhancements to GPS operations and clock evaluations using a "total" Hadamard deviation , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[129]  D. Howe,et al.  ThêoH Bias-removal Method , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition.

[130]  David A. Howe,et al.  ThêoH: a hybrid, high-confidence statistic that improves on the Allan deviation , 2006 .

[131]  Stefano Bregni,et al.  Improved Estimation of the Hurst Parameter of Long-Range Dependent Traffic Using the Modified Hadamard Variance , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[132]  C.R. Ekstrom,et al.  Error bars for three-cornered hats , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[133]  Hadamard Variance,et al.  THE HADAMARD VARIANCE , 2007 .

[134]  D. Howe,et al.  TheoH and allan deviation as power-law noise estimators , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[135]  J A Taylor,et al.  Fast TheoBR: A method for long data set stability analysis , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control.

[136]  A. Gelman.  Variance, Analysis of , 2010 .

[137]  A..  Total Variance : a Progress Report on a New Frequency Stability Characterization * , .