Modeling cytokinesis of eukaryotic cells driven by the actomyosin contractile ring

A three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic model for cytokinesis of eukaryotic cells is developed, in which we model dynamics of actomyosins in the cell cortex, in particular, along the cytokinetic ring formed in the cortex and in the neighborhood of the cell's division plane explicitly. Specifically, the active force actuated by the actomyosin's activity along the cytokinetic ring is modeled by a surface force whose strength is proportional to the actomyosin concentration while the cell morphology is tracked by a phase field model. The model is then solved in 3D space and time using a finite difference method on graphic processing units. Dynamical morphological patterns of eukaryotic cells during cytokinesis are numerically simulated with the model. These simulated morphological patterns agree quantitatively with experimental observations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  F. Jülicher,et al.  Continuum description of the cytoskeleton: ring formation in the cell cortex. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[2]  K. Rejniak.  A single-cell approach in modeling the dynamics of tumor microregions. , 2005, Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE.

[3]  P. Iglesias,et al.  Separation anxiety: stress, tension and cytokinesis. , 2012, Experimental cell research.

[4]  Ying Sun,et al.  Sharp interface tracking using the phase-field equation , 2007, J. Comput. Phys..

[5]  Y. Hotta,et al.  Cell Division , 2021, Nature.

[6]  Jie Shen,et al.  Gauge-Uzawa methods for incompressible flows with variable density , 2007, J. Comput. Phys..

[7]  F. Jülicher,et al.  Dynamic force balances and cell shape changes during cytokinesis. , 2015, Physical review letters.

[8]  Douglas N Robinson,et al.  The stress and strain of cytokinesis. , 2005, Trends in cell biology.

[9]  Kh. I. Amirkhanov,et al.  the Influence , 2022 .

[10]  R. Saint,et al.  A RhoGEF and Rho family GTPase-activating protein complex links the contractile ring to cortical microtubules at the onset of cytokinesis. , 2003, Developmental cell.

[11]  V. Foe,et al.  Stable and dynamic microtubules coordinately shape the myosin activation zone during cytokinetic furrow formation , 2008, The Journal of cell biology.

[12]  D. Guertin,et al.  Cytokinesis in Eukaryotes , 2002, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

[13]  A. Mogilner,et al.  Modeling mitosis. , 2006, Trends in cell biology.

[14]  Nicolas Minc,et al.  Influence of Cell Geometry on Division-Plane Positioning , 2011, Cell.

[15]  Basile Audoly,et al.  Furrow constriction in animal cell cytokinesis. , 2014, Biophysical journal.

[16]  Roger D. Kamm,et al.  Dynamic Mechanisms of Cell Rigidity Sensing: Insights from a Computational Model of Actomyosin Networks , 2012, PloS one.

[17]  Kathleen E. Rankin,et al.  Long astral microtubules uncouple mitotic spindles from the cytokinetic furrow , 2010, The Journal of cell biology.

[18]  J. Scholey,et al.  Cell division , 2003, Nature.

[19]  M. Chircop.  Rho GTPases as regulators of mitosis and cytokinesis in mammalian cells , 2014, Small GTPases.

[20]  Anthony A. Hyman,et al.  Supporting Material : Stress Generation and Filament Turnover During Actin Ring Constriction , 2007 .

[21]  Chi-Wang Shu,et al.  High Order Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory Schemes for Convection Dominated Problems , 2009, SIAM Rev..

[22]  Martin Lenz,et al.  Reconstitution of contractile actomyosin bundles. , 2011, Biophysical journal.

[23]  Timothy J Mitchison,et al.  Animal cytokinesis: from parts list to mechanisms. , 2006, Annual review of biochemistry.

[24]  A. Tero,et al.  A mathematical model of cleavage. , 2010, Journal of theoretical biology.

[25]  Gunduz Caginalp,et al.  Convergence of the phase field model to its sharp interface limits , 1998, European Journal of Applied Mathematics.

[26]  Pablo A. Iglesias,et al.  Deconvolution of the Cellular Force-Generating Subsystems that Govern Cytokinesis Furrow Ingression , 2012, PLoS Comput. Biol..

[27]  Guillaume Charras,et al.  Actin cortex mechanics and cellular morphogenesis. , 2012, Trends in cell biology.

[28]  M. Glotzer,et al.  The Molecular Requirements for Cytokinesis , 2005, Science.

[29]  Xiaofeng Yang,et al.  Numerical approximations of Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard equations , 2010 .

[30]  F. Barr,et al.  Cytokinesis: Placing and Making the Final Cut , 2007, Cell.

[31]  J. Errington,et al.  Cytokinesis in Bacteria , 2003, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

[32]  Wouter-Jan Rappel,et al.  Coupling actin flow, adhesion, and morphology in a computational cell motility model , 2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[33]  Ann L. Miller.  The contractile ring , 2011, Current Biology.

[34]  Timothy J. Mitchison,et al.  Determining the position of the cell division plane , 2003, Nature.

[35]  Junseok Kim,et al.  An immersed boundary method for simulating a single axisymmetric cell growth and division , 2012, Journal of mathematical biology.

[36]  Erich A. Nigg,et al.  Cell division: Mitotic kinases as regulators of cell division and its checkpoints , 2001, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.