Design and operation of self-biased high-gain amplifier arrays for photon-counting sensors

Design and operation of high-gain (> 1000), low-power (< 75 (mu) W), ultra low-noise amplifier arrays are presented. The amplifier array is operated in self-biased mode, such that all amplifiers are biased irrespective of threshold mismatches, and operate with low reset noise. The amplifiers are designed for possible incorporation as pixels of hybrid solid-state photon-counting sensor. The cell pitch is 30 micrometers in 1.2 micrometers CMOS technology. Design and experimental results from small arrays of the two most promising amplifier circuits are reported. Design issues for obtaining sub-electron input-referred noise from these in- pixel amplifiers are discussed. A performance summary is incorporated.