Early morphological changes and functional abnormalities in group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and microperimetry

Aims: To report early morphological changes and functional abnormalities in group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis (IJRT) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and microperimetry. Methods: Six eyes (three patients; average age, 64 years) with group 2A IJRT were examined using SD-OCT and microperimetry. Results: On SD-OCT, breaks in the highly reflective line, considered the boundary between the photoreceptor inner and outer segments, at the temporal to the fovea and corresponding to the telangiectasis lesions were observed in all eyes. Highly reflective tissue was observed in the outer retinal layer in five eyes. In three eyes with a right-angle venule, the outer retinal layer was replaced by the highly reflective tissue and was contiguous to the inner retinal layer. Microperimetry showed the reduction in the retinal sensitivity thresholds at the temporal to the fovea in five eyes. Conclusions: Early morphological alterations in group 2A IJRT in SD-OCT were observed. These finding might be visualisation of Müller cell abnormality on SD-OCT. At the same time, the disorder of photoreceptors occurs at the telangiectasis lesions from MP-1. Detailed observation of these abnormalities provides an understanding of the morphological and functional features of group 2A IJRT.