Grouped LR-EPON with WDM-OFDM-TDM DBA algorithm and sleep-based energy-efficient mechanism

We propose an energy-efficient mechanism and a corresponding multi-dimension dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm for long-reach Ethernet passive optical networks (LR-EPONs). Time delay was reduced and upstream bandwidth was increased by 10%, and energy saving is increased by 90% when load is small.