A kinetic and dynamic study of oral alprazolam with and without erythromycin in humans: In vivo evidence for the involvement of CYP3A4 in alprazolam metabolism

To assess the possible involvement of CYP3A4 in the metabolism of alprazolam in vivo.

[1]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Plasma alprazolam concentrations. Relation to efficacy and side effects in the treatment of panic disorder. , 1993, Archives of general psychiatry.

[2]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Clinical Importance of the Interaction of Diazepam and Cimetidine , 1984, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  J. Backman,et al.  The effect of erythromycin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of zopiclone. , 1994, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[4]  H. Gross,et al.  Use of benzodiazepines in anxiety disorders. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[5]  E. Mini,et al.  Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions of Macrolides , 1992, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[6]  R B Smith,et al.  A pharmacokinetic drug interaction between erythromycin and triazolam. , 1986, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology.

[7]  H. Yamazaki,et al.  Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[8]  F. Guengerich,et al.  Oxidation of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine in human liver microsomes. Role of cytochrome P-450 3A(4) in N-dealkylation and C-hydroxylation. , 1993, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[9]  R. N. Brogden,et al.  Alprazolam , 1984, Drugs.

[10]  W. Trager,et al.  Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: II. Characterization of inter- and intraindividual hepatic CYP3A variability after liver transplantation. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[11]  A. Hiller,et al.  A potentially hazardous interaction between erythromycin and midazolam. , 1993, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[12]  P. Kroboth,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of the Newer Benzodiazepines , 1989, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[13]  P. Watkins.  Noninvasive tests of CYP3A enzymes. , 1994, Pharmacogenetics.

[14]  P. Watkins,et al.  Identification of glucocorticoid-inducible cytochromes P-450 in the intestinal mucosa of rats and man. , 1987, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[15]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Absorption rate, blood concentrations, and early response to oral chlordiazepoxide. , 1977, The American journal of psychiatry.

[16]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Kinetic and dynamic study of intravenous lorazepam: comparison with intravenous diazepam. , 1989, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[17]  T. Kronbach,et al.  Oxidation of midazolam and triazolam by human liver cytochrome P450IIIA4. , 1989, Molecular pharmacology.

[18]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Pharmacokinetic determinants of dynamic differences among three benzodiazepine hypnotics. Flurazepam, temazepam, and triazolam. , 1989, Archives of general psychiatry.

[19]  J. Fawcett,et al.  Alprazolam: Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Efficacy, and Mechanism of Action , 1982, Pharmacotherapy.

[20]  L. Kolmos.  Suicide in Scandinavia: An epidemiological analysis , 1987, Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[21]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Inhibitors of alprazolam metabolism in vitro: effect of serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor antidepressants, ketoconazole and quinidine. , 1994, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[22]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Alprazolam metabolism in vitro: studies of human, monkey, mouse, and rat liver microsomes. , 1993, Pharmacology.

[23]  G. Vantrappen,et al.  Improvement of gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparesis by erythromycin. Preliminary studies. , 1990, The New England journal of medicine.

[24]  J. Jonkman.  Therapeutic consequences of drug interactions with theophylline pharmacokinetics. , 1986, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[25]  D. Greenblatt,et al.  Inhibition of alprazolam and desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by paroxetine and fluvoxamine: comparison with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. , 1995, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology.

[26]  S. Loft,et al.  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes: potent inhibition by fluvoxamine. , 1995, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[27]  P. Watkins,et al.  Heterogeneity of CYP3A isoforms metabolizing erythromycin and cortisol , 1992, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[28]  S. Loft,et al.  Fluvoxamine is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P4501A2. , 1993, Biochemical pharmacology.

[29]  U. Ahlfors,et al.  The UKU side effect rating scale: A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross‐sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic‐treated patients , 1987, Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[30]  S. Garattini,et al.  Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Diazepam , 1978, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[31]  D. Ciraulo,et al.  The Relationship of Alprazolam Dose to Steady‐State Plasma Concentrations , 1990, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology.

[32]  M. Sarkar,et al.  Theophylline N-demethylations as probes for P4501A1 and P4501A2. , 1994, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[33]  D. Back,et al.  Cyclosporin metabolism by human gastrointestinal mucosal microsomes. , 1992, British journal of clinical pharmacology.