Deformation and energy absorption diagrams for cellular solids

Abstract The mechanical properties of 3 types of cellular solids (flexible, plastic and brittle) have been measured as a function of density. The results are compared with models for the stiffness, strength and densification; and constitutive laws are developed. Data and models for each type of cellular solid are combined to develop mechanism-mode maps which summarise the properties in a single diagram; this understanding, in turn, allows the construction of energy absorption diagrams for classes of foams. Natural cellular materials fit the same pattern; maps are presented, as an example, for wood. The maps help in design and in the selection of the optimal foam for a given load-bearing or energy-absorbing application.

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