Lensless multispectral digital in-line holographic microscope.

An compact multispectral digital in-line holographic microscope (DIHM) is developed that emulates Gabor's original holographic principle. Using sources of varying spatial coherence (laser, LED), holographic images of objects, including optical fiber, latex microspheres, and cancer cells, are successfully captured and numerically processed. Quantitative measurement of cell locations and percentage confluence are estimated, and pseudocolor images are also presented. Phase profiles of weakly scattering cells are obtained from the DIHM and are compared to those produced by a commercially available off-axis digital holographic microscope.

[1]  Chun-Min Lo,et al.  Phase imaging of cells by simultaneous dual-wavelength reflection digital holography. , 2008, Optics express.

[2]  M. Olivé,et al.  Breast tumor cell lines from pleural effusions. , 1974, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[3]  Yimei Zhu,et al.  Fast phase unwrapping algorithm for interferometric applications. , 2003, Optics letters.

[4]  Giancarlo Pedrini,et al.  Short-coherence digital microscopy by use of a lensless holographic imaging system. , 2002, Applied optics.

[5]  Emmett N. Leith,et al.  Wavefront Reconstruction with Diffused Illumination and Three-Dimensional Objects* , 1964 .

[6]  S. Kou,et al.  Imaging in digital holographic microscopy. , 2007, Optics express.

[7]  M H Jericho,et al.  Digital in-line holography of microspheres. , 2002, Applied optics.

[8]  F. Wurm Production of recombinant protein therapeutics in cultivated mammalian cells , 2004, Nature Biotechnology.

[9]  Unnikrishnan Gopinathan,et al.  Generalized in-line digital holographic technique based on intensity measurements at two different planes. , 2008, Applied optics.

[10]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Phase-shifting Gabor holography. , 2009, Optics letters.

[11]  I. Yamaguchi,et al.  Phase-shifting digital holography. , 1997, Optics letters.

[12]  John T. Sheridan,et al.  Multispectral lensless digital holographic microscope: imaging MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell cultures , 2009, Optical Engineering + Applications.

[13]  Shensheng Han,et al.  On X-ray in-line Gabor holography with a partially coherent source , 1999 .

[14]  Etienne Cuche,et al.  Extended depth-of-focus by digital holographic microscopy. , 2010, Optics letters.

[15]  E. Leith,et al.  Reconstructed Wavefronts and Communication Theory , 1962 .

[16]  R. W. Lawrence,et al.  Digital Image Formation From Electronically Detected Holograms , 1967 .

[17]  J. Katz,et al.  Digital holographic microscope for measuring three-dimensional particle distributions and motions. , 2006, Applied optics.

[18]  Louis A. Romero,et al.  Robust two-dimensional weighted and unweighted phase unwrapping that uses fast transforms and iterative methods , 1994 .

[19]  C. Sheppard,et al.  Theory and practice of scanning optical microscopy , 1984 .

[20]  Bryan M Hennelly,et al.  Additional sampling criterion for the linear canonical transform. , 2008, Optics letters.

[21]  Thomas S. Huang,et al.  Digital Holography , 2003 .

[22]  Wolfgang Osten,et al.  Reconstruction of in-line digital holograms from two intensity measurements. , 2004, Optics letters.

[23]  J. Goodman Introduction to Fourier optics , 1969 .

[24]  E. Piano,et al.  Infrared lensless holographic microscope with a vidicon camera for inspection of metallic evaporations on silicon wafers , 2005 .

[25]  William T Rhodes,et al.  Fundamental diffraction limitations in a paraxial 4-f imaging system with coherent and incoherent illumination. , 2007, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[26]  Geovanni Martinez,et al.  Optical inline measurement procedures for counting and sizing cells in bioprocess technology. , 2009, Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology.

[27]  Thomas J. Naughton,et al.  Reconstruction algorithms applied to in-line Gabor digital holographic microscopy , 2010 .

[28]  R. Ian Fresh,et al.  Culture of animal cells : a manual of basic technique , 2005 .

[29]  R. Ian Freshney,et al.  Culture of Animal Cells: A Manual of Basic Technique and Specialized Applications , 2010 .

[30]  U. Schnars,et al.  Direct recording of holograms by a CCD target and numerical reconstruction. , 1994, Applied optics.

[31]  Peter Klages,et al.  Digital in-line holographic microscopy. , 2006, Applied optics.

[32]  John T. Sheridan,et al.  Segmentation and visualization of digital in-line holographic microscopy of three-dimensional scenes using reconstructed intensity images , 2009, Optical Engineering + Applications.

[33]  F. Zernike Phase contrast, a new method for the microscopic observation of transparent objects , 1942 .

[34]  B Javidi,et al.  Lensless 3D Digital Holographic Microscopic Imaging at Vacuum UV Wavelength , 2010, Journal of Display Technology.

[35]  L. Repetto,et al.  Lensless digital holographic microscope with light-emitting diode illumination. , 2004, Optics letters.

[36]  Emmett N. Leith,et al.  Wavefront Reconstruction with Continuous-Tone Objects* , 1963 .

[37]  M. Potter,et al.  Induction of Plasma-Cell Neoplasms in Strain BALB/c Mice with Mineral Oil and Mineral Oil Adjuvants , 1962, Nature.

[38]  Anton Barty,et al.  The holographic twin image problem: a deterministic phase solution , 2000 .

[39]  Yordan Kostov,et al.  Optical instrumentation for bioprocess monitoring. , 2009, Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology.

[40]  D. Gabor A New Microscopic Principle , 1948, Nature.

[41]  G. Ripandelli,et al.  Optical coherence tomography. , 1998, Seminars in ophthalmology.

[42]  Kevin Murphy,et al.  Experimental detection of optical vortices with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. , 2010, Optics express.

[43]  Barton,et al.  Photoelectron holography. , 1988, Physical review letters.

[44]  Wolfgang Osten,et al.  Coherence effects in digital in-line holographic microscopy. , 2008, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[45]  J. Sheridan,et al.  Quantifying the 2.5D imaging performance of digital holographic systems , 2011 .

[46]  A. Long,et al.  A human cell line from a pleural effusion derived from a breast carcinoma. , 1973, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[47]  H. Nyquist,et al.  Certain Topics in Telegraph Transmission Theory , 1928, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

[48]  T. Puck,et al.  GENETICS OF SOMATIC MAMMALIAN CELLS : II. CHROMOSOMAL CONSTITUTION OF CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE , 1958 .

[49]  Thomas J. Naughton,et al.  Digital inline holography of biological specimens , 2006, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[50]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[51]  William T. Rhodes,et al.  Analytical and numerical analysis of linear optical systems , 2006 .

[52]  I. Macpherson,et al.  Polyoma transformation of hamster cell clones--an investigation of genetic factors affecting cell competence. , 1962, Virology.

[53]  M H Jericho,et al.  Tracking particles in four dimensions with in-line holographic microscopy. , 2003, Optics letters.

[54]  Barton,et al.  Removing multiple scattering and twin images from holographic images. , 1991, Physical review letters.