TH1/TH2 CYTOKINE PROFILE IN HIV AND LEISHMANIA CO-INFECTED PATIENTS

1 To evaluate the effects of HIV on immune responses in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we quantified 2 cytokine levels from plasma and stimulated PBMCs from individuals infected with HIV and/or CL. 3 IFN-γ, IL-13, and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 produced in response to stimulation with soluble 4 Leishmania antigens were significantly lower in HIV/Leishmania co-infected patients. 5

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