Downstream passage for salmon at hydroelectric projects in the Columbia river basin: Development, installation, and evaluation

—A retrospective analysis of data on the relationship between turbine operating efficiency of Kaplan turbines and passage survival of salmonid smolts was performed. A review of a key report instrumental in establishing + 1% turbine efficiency rule for operating SnakeColumbia River hydroelectric stations found a weak association ( ) 2 0.112 r = but also misspecification of the turbine efficiency data. At four Snake-Columbia River dams, manipulative studies were performed to investigate the relationship between turbine performance and smolt passage survival using balloon-tag release-recovery method. At all four sites, peak observed survival did not coincide with peak turbine efficiency. The difference between peak survival and survival at peak turbine efficiency was as much as 3.4%. However, at three of the four sites, peak survival was within the + 1% peak efficiency operating rule. A meta-analysis using balloon-tag survival results from 11 different hydroprojects also found no association

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