Filtration‐based perfusion of hybridoma cultures in protein‐free medium: Reduction of membrane fouling by medium supplementation with DNase I

In this study, a filtration‐based perfusion process was developed for the production of monoclonal antibodies (IgM) by suspended hybridoma cells grown in protein‐free medium. It was found that the use of protein‐free medium for perfusion culture generated the formation of numerous visible suspended particles consisting of dead cells and cellular debris aggregated into fibrous material. Surprisingly high apparent viabilities were observed in such protein‐free cultures. In addition, membrane fouling occurred more rapidly in protein‐free medium than in conventional serum‐supplemented medium. By the addition of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) to the protein‐free medium, it was possible to prevent the formation of aggregates and to follow the evolution of the total cell population more accurately. Moreover, DNase I significantly reduced the fouling of filtration membranes, and that, for two different types of separation systems (cross‐flow and vortex‐flow filtration) and two different types of membranes (polycarbonate and hydrophilized polysultone). From these results, it is clear that the presence of DNA fragments liberated following cellular death is playing an important role in membrane fouling. Longevity of filtration membranes was found to be considerably greater using a vortex‐flow filtration module than with a static plate‐and‐frame cross‐flow filtration module. The use of vortex‐flow filtration of conjuction with DNase I allowed maintenance of perfusion cultures for more than 1 month without membrane fouling or antibody retention and with a constant permeate IgM concentration of 250 mg/L. Hybridomacells appeared to gradually adapt to increasing rotational speed in the vortex‐flow filtration module.

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