Gain-flattened two-stage L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier by weak gain-clamped technique

Abstract. The gain flatness of an L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is still an open issue. We improve the conventional single-pass two-stage configuration by placing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with the center wavelength at 1529.4 nm. Then, a weak lasing resonance cavity is formed by this FBG and a fiber isolator, which is able to increase the pump conversion efficiency by reflecting the residual amplified spontaneous emission and compressing the raised gain around 1570 nm based on the gain-clamped effect. The experimental results show that by adopting the proposed scheme, the gain un-flatness of the L-band EDFA is controlled within ±0.4  dB in the range of 1570 to 1610 nm, and an ∼29  dB average gain is simultaneously maintained.

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