(Running Title: Early Time Course of Myocardial Electrical Impedance) "FINAL ACCEPTED VERSION"

[1]  D. Hearse.  Myocardial ischaemia: can we agree on a definition for the 21st century? , 1994, Cardiovascular research.

[2]  A. Kleber,et al.  Electrical uncoupling and increase of extracellular resistance after induction of ischemia in isolated, arterially perfused rabbit papillary muscle. , 1987, Circulation research.

[3]  J. Cinca,et al.  Changes in myocardial electrical impedance induced by coronary artery occlusion in pigs with and without preconditioning: correlation with local ST-segment potential and ventricular arrhythmias. , 1997, Circulation.

[4]  S. Rush,et al.  Resistivity of Body Tissues at Low Frequencies , 1963, Circulation research.

[5]  A. Kleber.  Extracellular potassium accumulation in acute myocardial ischemia. , 1984, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology.

[6]  F. C. White,et al.  Coronary collateral circulation in the pig: correlation of collateral flow with coronary bed size , 1981, Basic Research in Cardiology.

[7]  Michiel J. Janse,et al.  Comparison of the Effect of the Regional Ischemia, Hypoxia, Hyperkalemia, and Acidosis on Intracellular and Extracellular Potentials and Metabolism in the Isolated Porcine Heart , 1980, Circulation research.

[8]  W. Schaper,et al.  Influence of collateral flow on the ischemic tolerance of the heart following acute and subacute coronary occlusion. , 1976, Circulation.

[9]  R Gorlin,et al.  Determinants of collateral filling observed during sudden controlled coronary artery occlusion in human subjects. , 1989, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[10]  P. Steendijk,et al.  The four-electrode resistivity technique in anisotropic media: theoretical analysis and application on myocardial tissue in vivo , 1993, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[11]  E Gersing,et al.  Impedance Spectroscopy: a Method for Surveillance of Ischemia Tolerance of the Heart , 1987, The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon.

[12]  P. Steendijk,et al.  Dependence of anisotropic myocardial electrical resistivity on cardiac phase and excitation frequency , 1994, Basic Research in Cardiology.

[13]  W. Cascio,et al.  The Ib phase of ventricular arrhythmias in ischemic in situ porcine heart is related to changes in cell-to-cell electrical coupling. Experimental Cardiology Group, University of North Carolina. , 1995, Circulation.

[14]  R. Dzwonczyk,et al.  An Evaluation of a New Two-Electrode Myocardial Electrical Impedance Monitor for Detecting Myocardial Ischemia , 2001, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[15]  J. Lowe,et al.  On-line detection of reversible myocardial ischemic injury by measurement of myocardial electrical impedance. , 1987, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[16]  R. Jennings,et al.  Development of cell injury in sustained acute ischemia. , 1990, Circulation.

[17]  D. Beuckelmann,et al.  Cell swelling causes the action potential duration to shorten in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes by activating IKATP , 1998, Pflügers Archiv.

[18]  D. Yellon,et al.  Species variation in the coronary collateral circulation during regional myocardial ischaemia: a critical determinant of the rate of evolution and extent of myocardial infarction. , 1987, Cardiovascular research.

[19]  K. Kamiya,et al.  ATP directly affects junctional conductance between paired ventricular myocytes isolated from guinea pig heart. , 1990, Circulation research.

[20]  Hong Cao,et al.  Error analysis of tissue resistivity measurement , 2002, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[21]  W. Schaper,et al.  Influence of collateral blood flow and of variations in MVO2 on tissue-ATP content in ischemic and infarcted myocardium. , 1987, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology.

[22]  J. Fleischhauer,et al.  Electrical resistances of interstitial and microvascular space as determinants of the extracellular electrical field and velocity of propagation in ventricular myocardium. , 1995, Circulation.

[23]  W. Cascio,et al.  Electrical Properties and Conduction in Reperfused Papillary Muscle , 2001, Circulation research.

[24]  R. Jennings,et al.  Energy metabolism in the reversible and irreversible phases of severe myocardial ischemia. , 2009, Acta medica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[25]  Reimer Ka,et al.  Factors involved in salvaging ischemic myocardium: effect of reperfusion of arterial blood. , 1983 .

[26]  J. Haselgrove,et al.  Early ischemia after complete coronary ligation in the rabbit, dog, pig, and monkey. , 1981, The American journal of physiology.

[27]  Roland Hetzer,et al.  Intramyocardial impedance measurements for diagnosis of acute cardiac allograft rejection , 2000 .

[28]  J. L. Hill,et al.  Effect of Acute Coronary Artery Occlusion on Local Myocardial Extracellular K+ Activity in Swine , 1980, Circulation.

[29]  Carlos del-Rio,et al.  Myocardial electrical impedance responds to ischemia and reperfusion in humans , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[30]  C. Bollensdorff,et al.  Na(+) current through KATP channels: consequences for Na(+) and K(+) fluxes during early myocardial ischemia. , 2004, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[31]  R. Dzwonczyk,et al.  Use of myocardial electrical impedance to assess the efficacy of preconditioning , 2002, Computers in cardiology.

[32]  R Hetzer,et al.  Electric myocardial impedance registration in humoral rejection after heart transplantation. , 1996, The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation.

[33]  P B Corr,et al.  Contribution of shrinkage of extracellular space to extracellular K+ accumulation in myocardial ischaemia of the rabbit. , 1996, The Journal of physiology.

[34]  E. Michelson,et al.  Extracellular potassium dynamics in the border zone during acute myocardial ischemia in a canine model. , 1988, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[35]  R. Ferrari.  Metabolic disturbances during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. , 1995, The American journal of cardiology.

[36]  W. Cascio,et al.  Correlation of ischemia-induced extracellular and intracellular ion changes to cell-to-cell electrical uncoupling in isolated blood-perfused rabbit hearts. Experimental Working Group. , 1996, Circulation.

[37]  Roger Dzwonczyk,et al.  A new apparatus and method for measuring the myocardial electrical impedance spectrum , 1992, Proceedings Computers in Cardiology.

[38]  J. Lowe,et al.  Relation between high energy phosphate and lethal injury in myocardial ischemia in the dog. , 1978, The American journal of pathology.

[39]  A. van Oosterom,et al.  Intramural resistivity of cardiac tissue , 2006, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing.

[40]  F. Eberli,et al.  Frequency distribution of collateral flow and factors influencing collateral channel development. Functional collateral channel measurement in 450 patients with coronary artery disease. , 2001, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[41]  B. Rodríguez,et al.  Mechanistic investigation of extracellular K+ accumulation during acute myocardial ischemia: a simulation study. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[42]  W. Cascio,et al.  Passive electrical properties, mechanical activity, and extracellular potassium in arterially perfused and ischemic rabbit ventricular muscle. Effects of calcium entry blockade or hypocalcemia. , 1990, Circulation research.

[43]  M. Matsuda,et al.  Infarct size and the protection of ischemic myocardium in pig, dog and human. , 1989, Japanese circulation journal.

[44]  Eung Je Woo,et al.  Dependence of apparent resistance of four-electrode probes on insertion depth , 2000, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[45]  Pierre N. Robillard,et al.  Spatial Resolution of Four Electrode Array , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.