Design and Optimization of High Pressure Ratio Radial Inflow 1 Turbine for Automotive Organic Rankine Cycle Waste Heat 2 Recovery Application

11 This paper presents a detailed design methodology of high pressure ratio radial 12 inflow turbines integrated in Organic Rankine Cycles. The methodology is coupled 13 with an optimization algorithm to optimize the input parameters specified by the 14 designer. Moreover, a Design of Experiment technique is coupled to the design 15 methodology to study the effect of each individual input parameter on the turbine 16 performance. In addition, RefProP is implemented in the design methodology in 17 order to account for the thermodynamic properties at the inlet and exit of each 18 turbine stage. The maximum deviation between the current model and the test 19 case was in the prediction of the rotor exit tip radius 𝑟 5𝑡 (which was used as input 20 parameter in the test case) with a value of 5.38%. In addition, the model 21 demonstrated the ability to optimize any existing radial inflow turbine. Based on 22 the steady-state cycle simulation, a radial inflow turbine with a pressure ratio of 7 23 was designed for an automotive application and demonstrated a total-to-static 24 efficiency and power output of 74.4% and 13.6 kW, respectively, for a 200kW-class 25 engine.

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