The Use of Proton MR in Cancer Pathology

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the use of proton MR in cancer pathology. Water-based MRI is, at present, independently unable to identify the pathology of human tumors. The literature and work in this domain indicate that by studying carefully controlled model systems and excised human tissues, 1 H MRS can extract chemical information relating directly to the pathology. In addition, by tailoring data acquisition and processing parameters to report specifically on those molecules of known diagnostic relevance, 1 H MRS can diagnose invasive cancer in many organs ex vivo and some in vivo . 1 H MRS has the potential to provide an independent modality that can (1) report on the presence of invasive or preinvasive neoplastic cells in biopsy specimens, (2) detect the microfoci of metastatic cells missed by routine histopathology, and (3) provide a precise diagnosis to aid in the decision on treatment and subsequent patient management. Cancer can be diagnosed by 1 H MRS if the pathological criteria are linked to specific chemical changes ascertained from intact cells and tissues. This concept was demonstrated by the cervix program where CSI ( ex vivo ) not only defined the pathology of the tissue but also provided a spatial map of the diseased areas.

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