Emergency Medical Services Intervals and Survival in Trauma : Assessment of the " Golden Hour " in a North American

From the Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR (Newgard); the Departmentof Biostatistics (Schmicker, Bardarson, Nichol). Departmentof Surgery (Bulger), and University of Washington Clinical Trial Center, University of Washington-Harborview Center for PrehospitalEmergency Care (Nichol). University of Washington, Seattle, WA; the Departmentof Medicine,JohnA. Burns School of Medicine, Universityof Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI (Hedges); the Department of Emergency Medicine (Trickett) and Department of Surgery (Yelle), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA(Davis); the Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. WI (Aufderheide); the Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Minei); the Department of Anesthesia, Division of CriticalCare, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (Hata); the Legacy Emanuel Trauma Program, Portland, OR (Gubler); and Department of Emergency Medicine. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL(Brown).