Chemistry of Saline Soils and Their Physical Properties

An outline of the forces involved in clay particle interaction (swelling and dispersion) is given as a background for the interpretation of the physical behaviour of sodic soils, especially in relation to electrolyte levels. The electrolyte concentration below which appreciable decreases in soil permeability are encountered has been termed the threshold concentration and this concentration increases with the degree of sodium saturation of the soil colloids. The application of the threshold concentration concept to the management and reclamation of sodic soil is discussed.

[1]  D. Rowell,et al.  THE EFFECT OF THE CONCENTRATION AND MOVEMENT OF SOLUTIONS ON THE SWELLING, DISPERSION, AND MOVEMENT OF CLAY IN SALINE AND ALKALI SOILS , 1969 .

[2]  Irving Langmuir,et al.  The Role of Attractive and Repulsive Forces in the Formation of Tactoids, Thixotropic Gels, Protein Crystals and Coacervates , 1938 .

[3]  L. A. Richards.  Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils , 1954 .

[4]  D. Greenland,et al.  CHANGES IN SOIL PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE REMOVAL OF IRON AND ALUMINIUM OXIDES , 1968 .

[5]  L. Aylmore,et al.  Domain or Turbostratic Structure of Clays , 1960, Nature.

[6]  B. Mcneal,et al.  Effect of Solution Composition on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity1 , 1966 .

[7]  M. Fireman,et al.  The effect of saline irrigation water upon the permeability and base status of soils. , 1940 .

[8]  D. Greenland,et al.  Organic Materials Which Stabilize Natural Soil Aggregates1 , 1962 .

[9]  W. Emerson,et al.  A MODIFIED PERMEABILITY TEST FOR MEASURING THE COHESION OF SOIL CRUMBS , 1959 .

[10]  W. D. Kemper,et al.  Graphic Presentation of a Mathematical Solution for Interacting Diffuse Layers , 1970 .

[11]  W. A. Norvell,et al.  Effect of Solution Composition on the Swelling of Extracted Soil Clays1 , 1966 .

[12]  E. J. Doering,et al.  The High-salt-water Dilution Method for Reclaiming Sodic Soils1 , 1966 .

[13]  W. Emerson,et al.  THE DETERMINATION OF THE STABILITY OF SOIL CRUMBS , 1954 .

[14]  J. Quirk,et al.  Electron Microscopic and Kinetic Study of the Flocculation of Calcium Montmorillonite , 1970 .

[15]  J. Quirk,et al.  INCIPIENT FAILURE OF SOIL AGGREGATES , 1962 .

[16]  J. Quirk.  Particle Interaction and Soil Swelling , 1968 .

[17]  Jl Davidson,et al.  The influence of dissolved gypsum on pasture establishment on irrigated sodic clays , 1961 .

[18]  C. A. Bower,et al.  USE OF HIGH‐SALT WATERS AS A FLOCCULANT AND SOURCE OF DIVALENT CATIONS FOR RECLAIMING SODIC SOILS , 1960 .

[19]  J. Quirk.  SIGNIFICANCE OF SURFACE AREAS CALCULATED FROM WATER VAPOR SORPTION ISOTHERMS BY USE OF THE B.E.T. EQUATION , 1955 .

[20]  B. Mcneal,et al.  Prediction of the Effect of Mixed-Salt Solutions on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity1 , 1968 .