Bi-level approach for modeling multi-energy players' behavior in a multi-energy system

In this paper a bi-level approach is presented to model the behavior of multi-energy players (MEP) who are coupled based on signal price in a multi-energy system (MES). The MEPs are defined as energy players who can trade more than one energy carrier and have energy facilities (e.g. energy storages and converters) to convert and store various energy carriers. In this approach, MEPs trade various energy carriers in the upper level problem and the coupled energy price will be deduced. In the lower level problem MEPs schedule their energy balance based on the upper level signal price. By implementing dual theorem, the bi-level problem is transformed into a single level optimization problem that can be solved with CPLEX optimizer. The proposed model has been applied in an MES with four MEPs and the numerical results demonstrate the proficiency of the modeling framework.