Impedance characteristics of sealed lead/acid cells during galvanostatic charge

Abstract The electrochemical impedance of a model hermetic lead accumulator and its electrodes was measured during continuous or interrupted charging either in potentiostatic (at 10 4 -10 −3 Hz) or in galvanostatic (at 0.1 Hz) mode. The impedance characteristics of the negative electrode changed considerably during the second half of charging and during overcharging. The impedance curve at 0.1 Hz measured during continuous galvanostatic charging can be used to indicate the state of full charge of the cell.