PEST analysis of smart energy grids: from the European boom to the incipient emergence in Colombia

The electricity consumption in developed countries with high population concentration has grown significantly in recent years, contributing to the increase of global warming. This has driven the design and use of new alternative energy sources integrated into the conventional network allowing build intelligent energy networks (RIE) or smart grid (SG) for more efficient management of this precious resource. Therefore, the document proposes reviewing the state of the art of political, economic investments, technological development and their social and environmental impacts in 5 European countries with high levels of development, by applying the PEST analysis, which identifies the common characteristics and essential differences from the information available on the current situation of the SG serve as support comparative study with reality in these technologies in Colombia. As a final result is concluded that there is indeed an incipient development of RIE in Colombia, making it possible to apply the European experience for the construction of future short or medium term to encourage the implementation of projects and technologies described scenarios. 1026 Cesar Gil Arrieta et al. Keywords-Smart grids, energy conservation, sustainability, environment, automation, optimization, integration