Disparities in COVID-19 death rates by race and ethnicity have been reported in the United States (1,2). In response to these disparities, preventive, medical care, and social service assistance programs were implemented to lessen disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, including grants to support state, tribal, local, and territorial health department responses (3). The potential impact of such efforts on annual changes in racial and ethnic disparities in mortality rates that identify COVID-19 as the underlying cause of death has not been previously reported. This analysis used U.S. provisional mortality data from death certificates collected by CDC's National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to estimate changes in COVID-19-related age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) by race and ethnicity during 2020-2021. Compared with non-Hispanic multiracial persons (the group with the lowest death rate), significant decreases in AADR ratios occurred during 2020-2021 among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons (34.0%), non-Hispanic Asian (Asian) persons (37.6%), non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) persons (40.2%), Hispanic persons (37.1%), and non-Hispanic White (White) persons (14%); a non-statistically significant 7.2% increase in AADR ratio occurred among non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (NH/OPI) persons. Despite reductions in AADR disparities from 2020 to 2021, large disparities in AADR by race and ethnicity remained in 2021. Providing effective preventive interventions, including vaccination and clinical care, to all communities in proportion to their need for these interventions is necessary to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 deaths.
[1]
R. Anderson,et al.
Disparities in Excess Mortality Associated with COVID-19 — United States, 2020
,
2021,
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.
[2]
J. Gold,et al.
Trends in the distribution of COVID-19 deaths by age and race/ethnicity — United States, April 4–December 26, 2020
,
2021,
Annals of Epidemiology.
[3]
R. Anderson,et al.
Provisional Mortality Data — United States, 2020
,
2021,
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.
[4]
E. Arias,et al.
Mortality in the United States, 2019.
,
2020,
NCHS data brief.
[5]
Brendan R. Jackson,et al.
Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 — United States, May–August 2020
,
2020,
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.
[6]
S. Artiga,et al.
COVID-19 Racial Disparities in Testing, Infection, Hospitalization, and Death: Analysis of Epic Patient Data
,
2020
.
[7]
E. Arias,et al.
The Validity of Race and Hispanic-origin Reporting on Death Certificates in the United States: An Update.
,
2016,
Vital and health statistics. Series 2, Data evaluation and methods research.