Vector representations of human strength in whole body exertion.

This paper summarises a number of studies of human strength in tasks of static whole body exertion. Measurements were made using a transducer bar which allowed the simultaneous recording of the vertical and horizontal components of any force applied to it by the subject. In each experimental condition, each subject exerted his or herself in all directions in the sagittal plane (ie, that plane which bisects an individual in the antero-posterior direction). Thirty conditions were investigated. Five heights of the bar above the ground, ranging from 1.75 m to 0.25 m, were tested. Various constraints were imposed upon the placement of the subjects' feet. In some conditions a 'ceiling' or 'wall' confined the subject. The results are presented in the form of diagrams which show the magnitude and direction of all possible force vectors in the sagittal plane.

[1]  Don B. Chaffin,et al.  A Biomechanical Model for Analysis of Symmetric Sagittal Plane Lifting , 1970 .

[2]  Michael A. Malcolm,et al.  Computer methods for mathematical computations , 1977 .

[3]  D. Grieve,et al.  Postural Considerations in Maximum Voluntary Exertion , 1982 .

[4]  D W Grieve.  Environmental constraints on the static exertion of force: PSD analysis in task-design. , 1979, Ergonomics.

[5]  D. Chaffin.  Human strength capability and low-back pain. , 1974, Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association.

[6]  Don B. Chaffin,et al.  BIOMECHANICAL COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION OF HUMAN STRENGTH. , 1974 .

[7]  D W Grieve.  The postural stability diagram (PSD): personal constraints on the static exertion of force. , 1979, Ergonomics.

[8]  E. Grandjean,et al.  Ergonomics of the Home , 1973 .

[9]  K. H. Eberhard Kroemer.  Horizontal push and pull forces: exertable when standing in working positions on various surfaces. , 1974 .

[10]  Stover H. Snook,et al.  The Ergonomics Society The Society's Lecture 1978. THE DESIGN OF MANUAL HANDLING TASKS , 1978 .

[11]  S T Pheasant,et al.  The principal features of maximal exertion in the sagittal plane. , 1981, Ergonomics.

[12]  M. M. Ayoub,et al.  Effects of Operator Stance on Pushing and Pulling Tasks , 1974 .

[13]  R. J. Whitney.  THE STRENGTH OF THE LIFTING ACTION IN MAN , 1958 .

[14]  J W Yates,et al.  Static lifting strength and maximal isometric voluntary contractions of back, arm and shoulder muscles. , 1980, Ergonomics.

[15]  S. T. Pheasant.  A biomechanical analysis of human strength , 1977 .