'Everything has to die one day:' children’s explorations of the meanings of death in human-animal-nature relationships

Children’s experiences of death are a potentially vital component of their developing sense of relatedness to non-human others and nature. Environmental education theory and practice would benefit from a broader understanding of how children view death and loss within ecological systems as well as within human–animal–nature relationships, but such research is currently lacking. This paper focuses on children’s own descriptions of the deaths of companion animals – a largely ignored category of non-human others in environmental education – and explores three emergent, ecological themes. These themes indicate that death experiences within the home space are significant in ecological learning.

[1]  M. J. Hall,et al.  An Evaluation of a Pet Ownership Education Program for School Children , 2008 .

[2]  Susan Clayton,et al.  Environmental Identity: A Conceptual and an Operational Definition. , 2003 .

[3]  Llewellyn Vaughan-Lee Spiritual ecology : the cry of the earth : a collection of essays , 2013 .

[4]  Helena Pedersen Animals in Schools: Processes and Strategies in Human-Animal Education , 2009 .

[5]  Deborah L. Wells,et al.  The facilitation of social interactions by domestic dogs , 2004 .

[6]  Gene Myers,et al.  Children And Animals: Social Development And Our Connections To Other Species , 1997 .

[7]  K. Nolan,et al.  A Critical Analysis of Research in Environmental Education , 1999 .

[8]  Katherine C. Grier Pets , 2005, How Not to Make a Human.

[9]  P. Payne Families, homes and environmental education , 2005 .

[10]  L. Fawcett Ethical Imagining: Ecofeminist Possibilities and Environmental Learning , 2000 .

[11]  G. Lindsay,et al.  Narrative Inquiry , 2016, The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres.

[12]  D. Haraway The Companion Species Manifesto: Dogs, People, and Significant Otherness , 2003 .

[13]  D. Clandinin,et al.  Narrative Inquiry: Experience and Story in Qualitative Research , 1999 .

[14]  J. Livingston Rogue Primate: An Exploration of Human Domestication , 1994 .

[15]  Lady Y. P. McNeice,et al.  Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals , 2020, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood Studies.

[16]  Froma Walsh,et al.  Human-animal bonds I: the relational significance of companion animals. , 2009, Family process.

[17]  L. Fawcett Children's Wild Animal Stories: Questioning Inter-Species Bonds , 2002 .

[18]  U. Bronfenbrenner The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and , 1979 .

[19]  Amy Cutter-Mackenzie,et al.  Children as active researchers: the potential of environmental education research involving children , 2012 .

[20]  Froma Walsh,et al.  Human-animal bonds II: the role of pets in family systems and family therapy. , 2009, Family process.

[21]  P. Shaver,et al.  Pets as safe havens and secure bases: The moderating role of pet attachment orientations , 2012 .

[22]  Pramod K. Nayar,et al.  Identity and the Natural Environment: The Psychological Significance of Nature , 2005 .

[23]  Paul Shepard,et al.  Nature and Madness , 1982 .

[24]  D. Orr Earth in Mind: On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect , 1994 .

[25]  D. Rose Wild Dog Dreaming: Love and Extinction , 2011 .

[26]  Jonathan A. Smith,et al.  Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research , 2009, QMiP Bulletin.

[27]  S. Kellert Experiencing nature: Affective, cognitive, and evaluative development in children. , 2002 .

[28]  L. Patterson Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences , 2008 .

[29]  G. F. Melson Studying Children's Attachment to their Pets: A Conceptual and Methodological Review , 1990 .

[30]  P. Payne Identity and Environmental Education , 2001 .

[31]  S. Hinchliffe,et al.  Where Species Meet , 2007 .

[32]  SueEllen Campbell The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-than-Human World , 1998 .

[33]  J. Garbarino The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design: by Urie Bronfenbrenner Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1979, 330 + p. , 1980 .

[34]  P. Crutzen,et al.  The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature , 2007, Ambio.

[35]  M. Manen Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy , 1990 .

[36]  Stephen R. Kellert,et al.  Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia In Human Evolution And Development , 1997 .

[37]  R. Jeanes,et al.  Social Ecology as Education , 2014 .

[38]  L. Mount,et al.  Animal Production , 2019, Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics.

[39]  R. Jeanes,et al.  The socioecological educator: a 21st century renewal of physical, health, environment and outdoor education , 2014 .

[40]  J. Piaget The Language and Thought of the Child , 1927 .

[41]  Stephen Trimble,et al.  The Geography of Childhood: Why Children Need Wild Places , 1994 .

[42]  C. Marshall,et al.  Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived? , 2011, Nature.

[43]  J. A. Griffin,et al.  How animals affect us: Examining the influences of human–animal interaction on child development and human health. , 2012 .

[44]  Karin Lindström,et al.  When Species Meet , 2016 .

[45]  Huang Fu-feng,et al.  On Ecological Thinking , 2005 .

[46]  David Abram,et al.  The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-Than-Human World , 1996 .

[47]  G. F. Melson Principles for human–animal interaction research. , 2011 .

[48]  Constance Russell ‘Whoever does not write is written’: the role of ‘nature’ in post‐post approaches to environmental education research , 2005 .

[49]  William T. Borrie,et al.  Environmental literacy, ecological literacy, ecoliteracy: What do we mean and how did we get here? , 2013 .