Use of Spatiotemporal Constraints to Quantify Transit Accessibility

Accessibility emerges as the transportation performance measure that emphasizes the benefits to transportation system users and captures more than the speed of travel. Transit accessibility shows how easy it is for an individual to travel to a desired destination by using public transit. However, for transit to be considered as an option in mode choice at all, there has to be a feasible transit route leading from a given origin to a desirable destination within the available time frame. This study used spatial and temporal constraints and a set of transit features that affected access to transit to develop a conceptual framework for transit accessibility measurements in a potential transit-oriented development (TOD) location in West Valley City, Utah. As this network develops more transit-friendly features, temporal and spatial accessibility indicators will provide useful information on the opportunities that users can reach by using transit. The proposed methodology was based on traffic and transit data from the case study network and used an open source tool to perform transit accessibility measurements by calculating the number of accessible transit stops from each origin. The methodology considered network features, acceptable walking time, available time budget, transit schedule variability, and spatial constraints as impact factors in accessibility measurements. The goal of the study was to establish a feasible set of transit accessibility indicators that would be used for both the case study street network and transit service modifications to transform the network into a transit-friendly and eventually a TOD environment.

[1]  Yujia Wu,et al.  COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR MEASURING SPACE-TIME ACCESSIBILITY WITHIN DYNAMIC FLOW TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS , 2001 .

[2]  G B Arrington,et al.  New Transit Cooperative Research Program Research Confirms Transit-Oriented Developments Produce Fewer Auto Trips , 2009 .

[3]  Debbie A. Niemeier,et al.  Measuring Accessibility: An Exploration of Issues and Alternatives , 1997 .

[4]  Yiik Diew Wong,et al.  A BEFORE-AND-AFTER STUDY ON RED-LIGHT CAMERA INSTALLATION , 2003 .

[5]  Susan L Handy,et al.  EVALUATING NEIGHBORHOOD ACCESSIBILITY: ISSUES AND METHODS USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS , 2000 .

[6]  Antonio Páez,et al.  Accessibility to transit, by transit, and mode share: application of a logistic model with spatial filters , 2012 .

[7]  David M Levinson,et al.  Access to Destinations: Development of Accessibility Measures , 2006 .

[8]  J N LaPlante,et al.  AASHTO GUIDE FOR THE PLANNING, DESIGN AND OPERATION OF PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES , 2000 .

[9]  Joseph L. Schofer,et al.  Guidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations , 2012 .

[10]  M. Kwan.  Space-time and integral measures of individual accessibility: a comparative analysis using a point-based framework , 2010 .

[11]  Harvey J. Miller,et al.  Measuring Space‐Time Accessibility Benefits within Transportation Networks: Basic Theory and Computational Procedures , 1999 .

[12]  Maria Manta Conroy,et al.  Accessibility Measures and the Social Evaluation of Urban Structure , 1977 .

[13]  윤태영,et al.  Transportation Research Board of the National Academies , 2015 .

[14]  Kittelson,et al.  A Guidebook for Developing a Transit Performance-Measurement System , 2003 .

[15]  A. Páez,et al.  Running to stay in place: the time-use implications of automobile oriented land-use and travel , 2011 .

[16]  Todd Litman,et al.  MEASURING TRANSPORTATION: TRAFFIC, MOBILITY, AND ACCESSIBILITY , 2003 .

[17]  R. Cervero,et al.  Vehicle Trip Reduction Impacts of Transit-Oriented Housing , 2008 .

[18]  W. G. Hansen.  How Accessibility Shapes Land Use , 1959 .

[19]  Harvey J. Miller,et al.  Modelling accessibility using space-time prism concepts within geographical information systems , 1991, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..