Extended global routing with RLC crosstalk constraints

In this paper, we study an extended global routing problem with RLC crosstalk constraints. Considering simultaneous shield insertion and net ordering, we propose a multiphase algorithm to synthesize a global routing solution with track assignment to satisfy the RLC crosstalk constraint at each sink. The key algorithm phase is global routing synthesis with shield reservation and minimization based on prerouting shield estimation. Experiments using large industrial benchmarks show that compared to the best alternative with postrouting shield insertion and net ordering, the proposed algorithm with shield reservation and minimization reduces the congestion by 18.4% with a smaller runtime. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth study on global routing synthesis with RLC crosstalk constraints.

[1]  Yao-Wen Chang,et al.  A novel framework for multilevel routing considering routability and performance , 2002, ICCAD 2002.

[2]  Jinjun Xiong,et al.  Full-chip multilevel routing for power and signal integrity , 2004, Proceedings Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition.

[3]  Mattan Kamon,et al.  FASTHENRY: a multipole-accelerated 3-D inductance extraction program , 1994 .

[4]  IV RobertC.Carden,et al.  A global router using an efficient approximate multicommodity multiterminal flow algorithm , 1991, 28th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference.

[5]  Majid Sarrafzadeh,et al.  An exact algorithm for coupling-free routing , 2001, ISPD '01.

[6]  Jason Cong,et al.  Pseudo pin assignment with crosstalk noise control , 2000, ISPD '00.

[7]  Lei He,et al.  Simultaneous shield insertion and net ordering for capacitive and inductive coupling minimization , 2000, ISPD '00.

[8]  Lei He,et al.  An efficient inductance modeling for on-chip interconnects , 1999, Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (Cat. No.99CH36327).

[9]  Nathan Ida.  Engineering Electromagnetics , 2000 .

[10]  Dongsheng Wang,et al.  Post global routing crosstalk synthesis , 1997, IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst..

[11]  Carl Ebeling,et al.  PathFinder: A Negotiation-Based Performance-Driven Router for FPGAs , 1995, Third International ACM Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays.

[12]  Kenneth L. Shepard,et al.  Return-limited inductances: a practical approach to on-chipinductance extraction , 2000, IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst..

[13]  Christoph Albrecht,et al.  Provably good global routing by a new approximation algorithm for multicommodity flow , 2000, ISPD '00.

[14]  Bryan Preas,et al.  A new algorithm for standard cell global routing , 1988, [1988] IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD-89) Digest of Technical Papers.

[15]  Janet Roveda,et al.  On convergence of switching windows computation in presence of crosstalk noise , 2002, ISPD '02.

[16]  Jason Cong,et al.  An enhanced multilevel routing system , 2002, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design, 2002. ICCAD 2002..

[17]  Ernest S. Kuh,et al.  A spacing algorithm for performance enhancement and cross-talk reduction , 1993, ICCAD.

[18]  Jun Chen,et al.  Worst case crosstalk noise for nonswitching victims in high-speed buses , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

[19]  Martin D. F. Wong,et al.  An optimal layer assignment algorithm for minimizing crosstalk for three layer VHV channel routing , 1995, Proceedings of ISCAS'95 - International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[20]  John Lillis,et al.  Interconnect Analysis and Synthesis , 1999 .

[21]  Kaushik Roy,et al.  A twisted-bundle layout structure for minimizing inductive coupling noise , 2000, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. ICCAD - 2000. IEEE/ACM Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37140).

[22]  W. C. Elmore.  The Transient Response of Damped Linear Networks with Particular Regard to Wideband Amplifiers , 1948 .

[23]  Jiri Soukup,et al.  Fast Maze Router , 1978, 15th Design Automation Conference.

[24]  Majid Sarrafzadeh,et al.  Predictable routing , 2000, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. ICCAD - 2000. IEEE/ACM Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37140).

[25]  Jiang Hu,et al.  Congestion-driven codesign of power and signal networks , 2002, Proceedings 2002 Design Automation Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37324).

[26]  Ravi Nair,et al.  A Simple Yet Effective Technique for Global Wiring , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

[27]  D. T. Lee,et al.  A Fast Crosstalk- and Performance-Driven Multilevel Routing System , 2003, ICCAD 2003.

[28]  Yu Cao,et al.  Effects of global interconnect optimizations on performance estimation of deep submicron design , 2000, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. ICCAD - 2000. IEEE/ACM Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37140).

[29]  Lei He,et al.  Full-chip multilevel routing for power and signal integrity , 2004 .

[30]  Raia Hadsell,et al.  Improved global routing through congestion estimation , 2003, Proceedings 2003. Design Automation Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37451).

[31]  Charles J. Alpert,et al.  The ISPD98 circuit benchmark suite , 1998, ISPD '98.

[32]  Jamil Kawa,et al.  Modeling and analysis of differential signaling for minimizing inductive cross-talk , 2001, DAC '01.

[33]  Dave Hightower.  A solution to line-routing problems on the continuous plane , 1969, DAC '69.

[34]  Ulrich Brenner,et al.  An effective congestion driven placement framework , 2002, ISPD '02.

[35]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Techniques for crosstalk avoidance in the physical design of high-performance digital systems , 1994, ICCAD.

[36]  Jinjun Xiong,et al.  Full-chip routing optimization with RLC crosstalk budgeting , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems.

[37]  Majid Sarrafzadeh,et al.  Dragon2000: standard-cell placement tool for large industry circuits , 2000, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. ICCAD - 2000. IEEE/ACM Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37140).