Increased physical activity and reduced adiposity in overweight Hispanic adolescents.

PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to examine 1) whether changes in total physical activity (PA; counts per minute, cpm) and time spent in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) are associated with changes in adiposity and 2) whether energy intake influences the relationship between changes in PA and changes in adiposity in overweight Hispanic adolescents. METHODS Analysis included 38 overweight (body mass index, >85th percentile) Hispanic adolescents with complete pretest and posttest data on relevant variables after participating in a 16-wk intervention. The intervention treatment did not influence PA, so the sample was combined and the randomization group was adjusted for in the analysis. Body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, 7-d PA by accelerometry, and dietary intake by 3-d diet records were assessed before and after intervention. RESULTS Within individuals, the mean increase of PA (n = 19) and mean decrease of PA (n = 19) was approximately 105 cpm. A 100-cpm increase in total PA was associated with a decrease of 1.3 kg of fat mass and 0.8% body fat after adjusting for pretest adiposity, PA, age, sex, and treatment (P < 0.05). Controlling for energy intake modestly strengthened the relationships between total PA and fat mass and percent body fat. Changes in MVPA were not related to changes in adiposity after controlling for total PA (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increasing total PA by 28% (100 cpm) was associated with a decrease of 1.4 kg of fat mass and 1% body fat for 16 wk in overweight Hispanic adolescents independent of intervention group assignment. Increases in total PA, compared with MVPA, may be sufficient to improve body composition in overweight Hispanic adolescents.

[1]  G. Colditz,et al.  Obesity and Cancer , 2010, The oncologist.

[2]  Jaimie N. Davis,et al.  Randomized Control Trial to Improve Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Overweight Latino Adolescents , 2009, Obesity.

[3]  J M Tanner,et al.  Growth and maturation during adolescence. , 2009, Nutrition reviews.

[4]  R. Houts,et al.  Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from ages 9 to 15 years. , 2008, JAMA.

[5]  Katherine M Flegal,et al.  High body mass index for age among US children and adolescents, 2003-2006. , 2008, JAMA.

[6]  S. Grant,et al.  Objective measurement of physical activity and sedentary behaviour: review with new data , 2008, Archives of Disease in Childhood.

[7]  Brian E. Saelens,et al.  Recommendations for Treatment of Child and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity , 2007, Pediatrics.

[8]  U. Ekelund,et al.  Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents , 2007, Journal of sports sciences.

[9]  Issa Zakeri,et al.  Physical activity in nonoverweight and overweight Hispanic children and adolescents. , 2007, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[10]  B. Caballero,et al.  Association of physical activity and body composition with insulin sensitivity in a community sample of adolescents. , 2007, Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine.

[11]  S. Cole,et al.  Metabolic and behavioral predictors of weight gain in Hispanic children: the Viva la Familia Study. , 2007, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[12]  S. Blair,et al.  Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Fat Mass in a Large Cohort of Children , 2007, PLoS medicine.

[13]  Mark S Tremblay,et al.  Technical reliability assessment of three accelerometer models in a mechanical setup. , 2006, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[14]  C. McArdle,et al.  Obesity and cancer , 2006, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[15]  Song Yang,et al.  Associations of body size and composition with physical activity in adolescent girls. , 2006, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[16]  Christian Vilhelm,et al.  Moderate‐to‐Vigorous Physical Activity among Children: Discrepancies in Accelerometry‐Based Cut‐off Points , 2006, Obesity.

[17]  Patty Freedson,et al.  Calibration of accelerometer output for children. , 2005, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[18]  Kelly R Evenson,et al.  Accelerometer use in physical activity: best practices and research recommendations. , 2005, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[19]  T. Burns,et al.  Tracking of activity and sedentary behaviors in childhood: the Iowa Bone Development Study. , 2005, American journal of preventive medicine.

[20]  T. Baranowski,et al.  Adolescent patterns of physical activity differences by gender, day, and time of day. , 2005, American journal of preventive medicine.

[21]  J. Jobe,et al.  Physical activity as a predictor of body composition in American Indian children. , 2004, Obesity research.

[22]  C. Pikholz,et al.  Under-reporting of energy intake in the 1997 National Nutrition Survey. , 2004, The New Zealand medical journal.

[23]  M. Thun,et al.  Obesity and cancer , 2004, Oncogene.

[24]  L. Cupples,et al.  Does early physical activity predict body fat change throughout childhood? , 2003, Preventive medicine.

[25]  L. Cupples,et al.  Television viewing and change in body fat from preschool to early adolescence: The Framingham Children's Study , 2003, International Journal of Obesity.

[26]  Marion F Zabinski,et al.  Overweight children's barriers to and support for physical activity. , 2003, Obesity research.

[27]  A. Kriska,et al.  Decline in physical activity in black girls and white girls during adolescence. , 2002, The New England journal of medicine.

[28]  M. Puyau,et al.  Validation and calibration of physical activity monitors in children. , 2002, Obesity research.

[29]  J. Seidell,et al.  Epidemiology of obesity. , 2002, Seminars in vascular medicine.

[30]  R. Eston,et al.  The effect of type of physical activity measure on the relationship between body fatness and habitual physical activity in children: a meta-analysis. , 2000, Annals of human biology.

[31]  P. Freedson,et al.  Using objective physical activity measures with youth: how many days of monitoring are needed? , 2000, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[32]  Rachel K. Johnson,et al.  Developmental changes in energy expenditure and physical activity in children: evidence for a decline in physical activity in girls before puberty. , 1998, Pediatrics.

[33]  M. Goran,et al.  Measurement issues related to studies of childhood obesity: assessment of body composition, body fat distribution, physical activity, and food intake. , 1998, Pediatrics.

[34]  Marsha Dowda,et al.  CALIBRATION OF THE COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS, INC. (CSA) ACCELEROMETER 256 , 1997 .

[35]  E. Obarzanek,et al.  Comparative advantage of 3-day food records over 24-hour recall and 5-day food frequency validated by observation of 9- and 10-year-old girls. , 1994, Journal of the American Dietetic Association.

[36]  T. Byers,et al.  Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature. , 1993, Preventive medicine.

[37]  B. Cosman,et al.  Obesity epidemiology. , 2011, Clinics in colon and rectal surgery.

[38]  L. Mâsse,et al.  Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. , 2008, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[39]  N J Wareham,et al.  Does physical activity equally predict gain in fat mass among obese and nonobese young adults? , 2007, International Journal of Obesity.

[40]  B. Saelens,et al.  Visceral abdominal fat is correlated with whole-body fat and physical activity among 8-y-old children at risk of obesity. , 2007, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[41]  R. Pate,et al.  Physical Activity Assessment in Children and Adolescents , 2001, Sports medicine.

[42]  C B Corbin,et al.  Measurement issues in the assessment of physical activity in children. , 2000, Research quarterly for exercise and sport.

[43]  S Greenland,et al.  Re: "The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation. , 1989, American journal of epidemiology.

[44]  S Greenland,et al.  The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation. , 1989, American journal of epidemiology.

[45]  T. Lohman,et al.  Faculty Publications Physical Activity and Public Health Objectively Assessed Associations between Physical Activity and Body Composition in Middle-school Girls: the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls Objectively Assessed Associations between Physical Activity and Body Composition in Middle-scho , 2022 .