Peripheral mechanisms of satiation and satiety control.

Abstract: After food intake anorexogenic peptides are released (CCK, PYY and GLP-1) and before food intake the orexogenic peptide ghrelin increases in plasma. The mechanism of release and effects on appetite will be discussed, as well as effects on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Bariatric surgery (gastric bypass) will be used as a model to explore the potential effects of alterations in the release of gut peptides on satiation, satiety and hunger within the scope of the Satiety Cascade.

[1]  M. Tschöp,et al.  Brain–gut–adipose-tissue communication pathways at a glance , 2012, Disease Models & Mechanisms.

[2]  S. Bloom,et al.  Gut Hormones and Appetite Control: A Focus on PYY and GLP-1 as Therapeutic Targets in Obesity , 2012, Gut and liver.

[3]  T. Moran,et al.  Intestinal feedback signaling and satiety , 2011, Physiology & Behavior.

[4]  I. Seim,et al.  Ghrelin axis genes, peptides and receptors: Recent findings and future challenges , 2011, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.

[5]  J. Holst,et al.  Changes in glucose homeostasis after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for obesity at day three, two months, and one year after surgery: role of gut peptides. , 2011, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[6]  I. Seim,et al.  The expanding roles of the ghrelin-gene derived peptide obestatin in health and disease , 2011, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.

[7]  J. Rehfeld,et al.  Incretin physiology beyond glucagon‐like peptide 1 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide: cholecystokinin and gastrin peptides , 2011, Acta physiologica.

[8]  S. Jebb,et al.  Appetite control: methodological aspects of the evaluation of foods , 2010, Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.

[9]  W. Langhans,et al.  Intrameal hepatic portal and intraperitoneal infusions of glucagon-like peptide-1 reduce spontaneous meal size in the rat via different mechanisms. , 2009, Endocrinology.

[10]  H. Edlund,et al.  Gpr40 Is Expressed in Enteroendocrine Cells and Mediates Free Fatty Acid Stimulation of Incretin Secretion , 2008, Diabetes.

[11]  M. Westerterp-Plantenga,et al.  Energy expenditure, satiety, and plasma ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine concentrations following a single high-protein lunch. , 2008, The Journal of nutrition.

[12]  S. Bloom,et al.  Gut Hormones as Mediators of Appetite and Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass , 2007, Annals of surgery.

[13]  J. Rehfeld,et al.  The biology of cholecystokinin and gastrin peptides. , 2007, Current topics in medicinal chemistry.

[14]  C. Beglinger,et al.  Effect of CCK-1 receptor blockade on ghrelin and PYY secretion in men. , 2007, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[15]  D. Cummings,et al.  Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake. , 2007, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[16]  G. Sanger,et al.  Little or no ability of obestatin to interact with ghrelin or modify motility in the rat gastrointestinal tract , 2007, British journal of pharmacology.

[17]  José V. Pardo,et al.  Functional neuroimaging of gastric distention , 2003, Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.

[18]  J. Holst,et al.  Ghrelin stimulates gastric emptying and hunger in normal-weight humans. , 2006, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[19]  Mohammad A Ghatei,et al.  Peptide YY3-36 and glucagon-like peptide-17-36 inhibit food intake additively. , 2005, Endocrinology.

[20]  Jian V. Zhang,et al.  Obestatin, a Peptide Encoded by the Ghrelin Gene, Opposes Ghrelin's Effects on Food Intake , 2005, Science.

[21]  M. Horowitz,et al.  Role of cholecystokinin in appetite control and body weight regulation , 2005, Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.

[22]  R. Bisschops,et al.  Influence of ghrelin on interdigestive gastrointestinal motility in humans , 2005, Gut.

[23]  J. Kral,et al.  Patient selection and the physiology of gastrointestinal antiobesity operations. , 2005, The Surgical clinics of North America.

[24]  Stephen R. Bloom,et al.  The inhibitory effects of peripheral administration of peptide YY3–36 and glucagon-like peptide-1 on food intake are attenuated by ablation of the vagal–brainstem–hypothalamic pathway , 2005, Brain Research.

[25]  J. Dixon,et al.  Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding induces prolonged satiety: a randomized blind crossover study. , 2005, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[26]  H. Grill,et al.  Role of the duodenum and macronutrient type in ghrelin regulation. , 2005, Endocrinology.

[27]  W. Buurman,et al.  Ghrelin, Leptin and Insulin Levels after Restrictive Surgery: a 2-Year Follow-up Study , 2004, Obesity surgery.

[28]  G. Yancopoulos,et al.  Genetic deletion of ghrelin does not decrease food intake but influences metabolic fuel preference. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[29]  R. Ritter,et al.  Gastrointestinal mechanisms of satiation for food , 2004, Physiology & Behavior.

[30]  P. Hellström,et al.  Prandial subcutaneous injections of glucagon-like peptide-1 cause weight loss in obese human subjects , 2004, British Journal of Nutrition.

[31]  Mohammad A Ghatei,et al.  Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[32]  Rachel L. Batterham,et al.  Gut hormone PYY3-36 physiologically inhibits food intake , 2002, Nature.

[33]  J. A. Fernández-Represa,et al.  Peptide YY Secretion in Morbidly Obese Patients Before and After Vertical Banded Gastroplasty , 2002, Obesity surgery.

[34]  A. Astrup,et al.  A meta-analysis of the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide on ad libitum energy intake in humans. , 2001, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[35]  B. Wisse,et al.  A preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels suggests a role in meal initiation in humans. , 2001, Diabetes.

[36]  M. Nakazato,et al.  Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach , 1999, Nature.

[37]  J. Holst,et al.  GLP-1 slows solid gastric emptying and inhibits insulin, glucagon, and PYY release in humans. , 1999, The American journal of physiology.

[38]  E. Ravussin,et al.  Neuroanatomical correlates of hunger and satiation in humans using positron emission tomography. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[39]  S. Rössner,et al.  Energy intake and appetite are suppressed by glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in obese men. , 1999, International Journal of Obesity.

[40]  J. Kral,et al.  Obesity surgery: a model of programmed undernutrition. , 1998, Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.

[41]  A Sundin,et al.  Identification of human brain loci processing esophageal sensation using positron emission tomography. , 1997, Gastroenterology.

[42]  P. Geiselman,et al.  Control of food intake. A physiologically complex, motivated behavioral system. , 1996, Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America.

[43]  N. Geary,et al.  Amylin decreases meal size in rats , 1995, Physiology & Behavior.

[44]  J. Holst,et al.  Glucagonlike peptide 1: a newly discovered gastrointestinal hormone. , 1994, Gastroenterology.

[45]  C. Beglinger,et al.  Two molecular forms of Peptide YY (PYY) are abundant in human blood: characterization of a radioimmunoassay recognizing PYY 1–36 and PYY 3–36 , 1994, Regulatory Peptides.

[46]  J. Holst,et al.  Tissue and Plasma Concentrations of Amidated and Glycine-Extended Glucagon-Like Peptide I in Humans , 1994, Diabetes.

[47]  V. Marks,et al.  Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)amide and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in response to nutrient ingestion in man: acute post-prandial and 24-h secretion patterns. , 1993, The Journal of endocrinology.

[48]  F. L. Hill,et al.  A comparison of intraduodenally and intracolonically administered nutrients on the release of peptide-YY in the dog. , 1989, Endocrinology.

[49]  F. L. Hill,et al.  Evidence for regulation of peptide-YY release by the proximal gut. , 1989, Endocrinology.

[50]  S. P. Grossman The role of glucose, insulin and glucagon in the regulation of food intake and body weight , 1986, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[51]  J M Polak,et al.  Human distribution and release of a putative new gut hormone, peptide YY. , 1985, Gastroenterology.

[52]  S. Woods,et al.  Cholecystokinin persistently suppresses meal size but not food intake in free-feeding rats. , 1984, The American journal of physiology.

[53]  H. Grill,et al.  Chronically decerebrate rats demonstrate satiation but not bait shyness. , 1978, Science.

[54]  J. Mayer Glucostatic mechanism of regulation of food intake. , 1953, The New England journal of medicine.

[55]  T. Van Itallie,et al.  Arteriovenous glucose differences, metabolic hypoglycemia and food intake in man. , 1953, The Journal of clinical nutrition.