The Cilk++ concurrency platform

The availability of multicore processors across a wide range of computing platforms has created a strong demand for software frameworks that can harness these resources. This paper overviews the Cilk++ programming environment, which incorporates a compiler, a runtime system, and a race-detection tool. The Cilk++ runtime system guarantees to load-balance computations effectively. To cope with legacy codes containing global variables, Cilk++ provides a "hyperobject" library which allows races on nonlocal variables to be mitigated without lock contention or substantial code restructuring.

[1]  Edith Schonberg,et al.  An empirical comparison of monitoring algorithms for access anomaly detection , 2011, PPOPP '90.

[2]  Forum Mpi.  MPI: A Message-Passing Interface , 1994 .

[3]  G. Amdhal,et al.  Validity of the single processor approach to achieving large scale computing capabilities , 1967, AFIPS '67 (Spring).

[4]  Edith Schonberg,et al.  Detecting access anomalies in programs with critical sections , 1991, PADD '91.

[5]  Ronald L. Graham,et al.  Bounds for certain multiprocessing anomalies , 1966 .

[6]  Bjarne Stroustrup,et al.  C++ Programming Language , 1986, IEEE Softw..

[7]  Ronald L. Rivest,et al.  Introduction to Algorithms, third edition , 2009 .

[8]  Bjarne Stroustrup,et al.  The C++ programming language (2nd ed.) , 1991 .

[9]  Barton P. Miller,et al.  What are race conditions?: Some issues and formalizations , 1992, LOPL.

[10]  David A. Padua,et al.  Event synchronization analysis for debugging parallel programs , 1989, Proceedings of the 1989 ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing (Supercomputing '89).

[11]  Jong-Deok Choi,et al.  An efficient cache-based access anomaly detection scheme , 1991, ASPLOS IV.

[12]  Charles E. Leiserson,et al.  Efficient detection of determinacy races in Cilk programs , 1997, SPAA '97.

[13]  P MillerBarton,et al.  What are race conditions , 1992 .

[14]  Charles E. McDowell,et al.  Analyzing Traces with Anonymous Synchronization , 1989, ICPP.

[15]  Ronald L. Rivest,et al.  Introduction to Algorithms , 1990 .

[16]  Peter J. Keleher,et al.  Online data-race detection via coherency guarantees , 1996, OSDI '96.

[17]  Matteo Frigo,et al.  The implementation of the Cilk-5 multithreaded language , 1998, PLDI.

[18]  Derek Bruening,et al.  Efficient, transparent, and comprehensive runtime code manipulation , 2004 .

[19]  Harish Patil,et al.  Pin: building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation , 2005, PLDI '05.

[20]  Charles E. Leiserson,et al.  Space-Efficient Scheduling of Multithreaded Computations , 1998, SIAM J. Comput..

[21]  Michael A. Bender,et al.  On-the-fly maintenance of series-parallel relationships in fork-join multithreaded programs , 2004, SPAA '04.

[22]  Richard P. Brent,et al.  The Parallel Evaluation of General Arithmetic Expressions , 1974, JACM.

[23]  Michael Burrows,et al.  Eraser: a dynamic data race detector for multi-threaded programs , 1997, TOCS.

[24]  Brian W. Kernighan,et al.  The C Programming Language , 1978 .

[25]  Michael Burrows,et al.  Eraser: a dynamic data race detector for multithreaded programs , 1997, TOCS.

[26]  Robert H. B. Netzer,et al.  Efficient Race Condition Detection for Shared-Memory Programs with Post/Wait Synchronization , 1992, International Conference on Parallel Processing.

[27]  Edward D. Lazowska,et al.  Speedup Versus Efficiency in Parallel Systems , 1989, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[28]  Charles E. Leiserson,et al.  Detecting data races in Cilk programs that use locks , 1998, SPAA '98.

[29]  Matteo Frigo,et al.  Reducers and other Cilk++ hyperobjects , 2009, SPAA '09.

[30]  Jong-Deok Choi,et al.  A Mechanism for Efficient Debugging of Parallel Programs , 1988, PLDI.

[31]  Mary Shaw,et al.  Global variable considered harmful , 1973, SIGP.

[32]  John M. Mellor-Crummey,et al.  On-the-fly detection of data races for programs with nested fork-join parallelism , 1991, Proceedings of the 1991 ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing (Supercomputing '91).