Observations of Immuno-Gold Conjugates on Influenza Viruses Using Waveguide-Mode Sensors

Gold nanoparticles were conjugated to an antibody (immuno-AuNP) against A/Udorn/307/1972 (H3N2) influenza virus to detect viruses on a sensing plate designed for an evanescent field-coupled waveguide-mode sensor. Experiments were conducted using human influenza A/H3N2 strains, and immuno-AuNP could detect 8×105 PFU/ml (40 pg/µl) intact A/Udorn/307/1972 and 120 pg/µl A/Brisbane/10/2007. Furthermore, increased signal magnitude was achieved in the presence of non-ionic detergent, as the virtual detection level was increased to 8×104 PFU/ml A/Udorn/307/1972. Immuno-AuNPs were then complexed with viruses to permit direct observation, and they formed a ring of confined nanodots on the membrane of both intact and detergent-treated viruses as directly visualized by scanning electron microscopy. With this complex the detection limit was improved further to 8×103 PFU/ml on anti-rabbit IgG immobilized sensing plate. These strategies introduce methods for observing trapped intact viruses on the sensing plates generated for optical systems.

[1]  Subash C. B. Gopinath,et al.  Detection of influenza viruses by a waveguide-mode sensor , 2010 .

[2]  W. DeGrado,et al.  Membrane fusion activity of the influenza virus hemagglutinin: interaction of HA2 N-terminal peptides with phospholipid vesicles. , 1991, Biochemistry.

[3]  K. Awazu,et al.  Neu5Acα2,6Gal and Neu5Acα2,3Gal receptor specificities on influenza viruses determined by a waveguide-mode sensor. , 2013, Acta biomaterialia.

[4]  Subash C B Gopinath,et al.  An RNA aptamer that distinguishes between closely related human influenza viruses and inhibits haemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion. , 2006, The Journal of general virology.

[5]  S. Ohnishi,et al.  Activation of influenza virus by acidic media causes hemolysis and fusion of erythrocytes , 1980, FEBS letters.

[6]  Glezen Wp,et al.  Emerging infections: pandemic influenza. , 1996, Epidemiologic reviews.

[7]  Ronghui Wang,et al.  Interdigitated array microelectrode based impedance immunosensor for detection of avian influenza virus H5N1. , 2009, Talanta.

[8]  R. Webster,et al.  Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses. , 1992, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[9]  Y. Sakoda,et al.  Development of a highly sensitive immunochromatographic detection kit for H5 influenza virus hemagglutinin using silver amplification. , 2011, Journal of virological methods.

[10]  Makoto Fujimaki,et al.  Influence of nanometric holes on the sensitivity of a waveguide-mode sensor: label-free nanosensor for the analysis of RNA aptamer-ligand interactions. , 2008, Analytical chemistry.

[11]  Glezen Wp.  Emerging Infections: Pandemic Influenza , 1996 .

[12]  R. Doms,et al.  Membrane fusion activity of the influenza virus hemagglutinin. The low pH-induced conformational change. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[13]  S. Jeon,et al.  A DNA Aptamer Prevents Influenza Infection by Blocking the Receptor Binding Region of the Viral Hemagglutinin* , 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[14]  R. Webster,et al.  Molecular Epidemiology of Influenza A/H3N2 Viruses Circulating in Uganda , 2011, PloS one.

[15]  Ludovic S. Live,et al.  High-resolution surface plasmon resonance sensors based on a dove prism. , 2009, Talanta.

[16]  W. J. Bean,et al.  Influenza--a model of an emerging virus disease. , 1993, Intervirology.

[17]  A. Hohenau,et al.  Gold Nanoparticles for Plasmonic Biosensing: The Role of Metal Crystallinity and Nanoscale Roughness , 2011, 1111.0811.

[18]  W. Barclay,et al.  A Single Amino Acid in the HA of pH1N1 2009 Influenza Virus Affects Cell Tropism in Human Airway Epithelium, but Not Transmission in Ferrets , 2011, PloS one.

[19]  C. Scholtissek,et al.  The nucleoprotein as a possible major factor in determining host specificity of influenza H3N2 viruses. , 1985, Virology.

[20]  F. Simon,et al.  Immobilization of gold nanoparticles on a polycarbonate surface layer during molding , 2011 .

[21]  E. Kretschmann.  Die Bestimmung optischer Konstanten von Metallen durch Anregung von Oberflächenplasmaschwingungen , 1971 .

[22]  Wei Hu.  Identification of highly conserved domains in hemagglutinin associated with the receptor binding specificity of influenza viruses: 2009 H1N1, avian H5N1, and swine H1N2 , 2010 .

[23]  Update: Influenza A (H3N2)v transmission and guidelines - five states, 2011. , 2012, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[24]  Subash C. B. Gopinath,et al.  Signal changes for dye-complexed biomolecular interactions on waveguide-sensor chips , 2011 .

[25]  K. Awazu,et al.  High sensitivity sensors made of perforated waveguides. , 2007, Optics express.

[26]  J. Mukaigawa,et al.  Involvement of the influenza A virus PB2 protein in the regulation of viral gene expression. , 1991, The Journal of general virology.

[27]  Z. Salamon,et al.  Plasmon-waveguide resonance spectroscopy applied to three potential drug targets: cyclooxygenase-2, hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase and integrin αVβ3 , 2004 .

[28]  Venkata K K Upadhyayula,et al.  Functionalized gold nanoparticle supported sensory mechanisms applied in detection of chemical and biological threat agents: a review. , 2012, Analytica chimica acta.

[29]  T. Dharakul,et al.  Multispecies detection of antibodies to influenza A viruses by a double-antigen sandwich ELISA. , 2010, Journal of virological methods.

[30]  Makoto Fujimaki,et al.  Detection of colored nanomaterials using evanescent field-based waveguide sensors. , 2010, Optics express.

[31]  Subash C. B. Gopinath,et al.  Waveguide-Mode Sensors as Aptasensors , 2012, Sensors.

[32]  Makoto Fujimaki,et al.  Monitoring surface-assisted biomolecular assembly by means of evanescent-field-coupled waveguide-mode nanobiosensors , 2009, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[33]  Carsten Rockstuhl,et al.  Silica-based monolithic sensing plates for waveguide-mode sensors. , 2008, Optics express.

[34]  Gabriele Neumann,et al.  Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus , 2009, Nature.

[35]  K. Lindblade,et al.  A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats , 2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[36]  J. Sipe,et al.  Nanoscale porous silicon waveguide for label-free DNA sensing. , 2008, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[37]  M. Mota,et al.  Gold nanoparticle-based fluorescence immunoassay for malaria antigen detection , 2011, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[38]  J. Mukaigawa,et al.  Inhibition of transcriptase activity of influenza A virus in vitro by anti-haemagglutinin antibodies. , 1985, Vaccine.

[39]  R. Webby,et al.  Characterization of an avian influenza virus H5N1 Egyptian isolate. , 2009, Journal of virological methods.

[40]  Masahiro Ito,et al.  Sensitivity of rapid immunoassay for influenza A and B in the early phase of the disease , 2009, Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society.

[41]  Takashi Suzuki,et al.  Glycan Receptor for Influenza Virus , 2010 .

[42]  Heyou Han,et al.  Quantum-dots-based fluoroimmunoassay for the rapid and sensitive detection of avian influenza virus subtype H5N1. , 2010, Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence.