Mapeamento de padrões de intensidade da degradação florestal: estudo de caso na região de Sinop, Mato Grosso

In this paper, we present a methodology to map and classify forest intensity degradation patterns using OLI/Landsat imagery, corresponding to region of Sinop, a municipality in the Mato Grosso Amazon region. The methodologic approach we propose a semiautomatic method to classify patterns of intensity of forest degradation in two steps: i) spectral classification, using Linear Spectral Mixture Model to generate an index image combining vegetation and soil fraction images to map the elements indicators of forest degradation such as small clearings, roads and burning scars; ii) structural classification of the forest intensity degradation patterns, based on a typology of forest degradation patterns proposed by Pinheiro (2015) for 1 km2 cells, landscape metrics and data mining techniques. The classification performance, which had field data observation to support validation, presented a global accuracy and Kappa index of 96% and 91%, respectively. The results showed that, due to the gadget and continuous of forest degradation characteristics, the methodology applied in this study demonstrated to be adequate to be applied in temporal series. The approach using cells representing forest degradation patterns allowed to quantify Structural properties of elements associated with forest degradation within its boundaries, delimits a portion of area that can be observed over time. The proposed methodology makes it possible to generate spatial gradients of forest degradation intensity, from which information can be extracted to support the planning of policies and actions to control forest degradation.