Analysis and Implementation of a High-Performance-Integrated KY Converter

Boost converter often exhibits large output voltage ripples and slow transient response due to the pulsating output capacitor current and the right-half-plane zero in transfer function from duty ratio to output voltage. On the contrary, a KY converter shows small output voltage ripples and fast transient response compared with the boost converter thanks to its buck-converter-like characteristics. In this study, a comprehensive study of an integrated KY converter considering parasitic resistance is presented as design guidelines for its IC implementation, and various aspects of KY converter versus boost converter are also analyzed to show its advantages. In particular, optimum transistor sizes, power losses, and output voltage ripples are analyzed in depth. The designs of power components including energy-transferring capacitor, inductor, and filter capacitor are discussed. Theoretical derivations of load and line regulations are also provided. The designed KY converter has been fabricated with standard 0.18-µm CMOS process and the total chip area is 1.93 mm2 including pads. The output voltage is 2.5 V with the regulated supply voltage ranging from 1.55 to 1.8 V, at switching frequency of 1 MHz. The output voltage ripples are 10 mV. Maximum efficiency of 95.7% is obtained at load current of 55 mA and supply voltage of 1.8 V. Efficiency is no less than 92.9% for load current as low as 30 mA. Even with simple compensation scheme employed, the output voltage settles within 48 µs when loading a step current of 150 mA.

[1]  J. Hung,et al.  Evaluation of DSP-Based PID and Fuzzy Controllers for DC–DC Converters , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[2]  P.J.W. Huang,et al.  A Digital PWM Regulator Based on Serial-Error Correcting Mechanism for DC-DC Buck Conversion , 2005, 2005 IEEE Conference on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits.

[3]  Marian K. Kazimierczuk,et al.  Pulse-Width Modulated DC-DC Power Converters , 2008 .

[4]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Implementing of Developed Voltage Lift Technique on SEPIC, Cûk and Double-Output DC-DC Converters , 2007, 2007 2nd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications.

[5]  Jiann-Jong Chen,et al.  A New Efficiency-Improvement Low-Ripple Charge-Pump Boost Converter Using Adaptive Slope Generator With Hysteresis Voltage Comparison Techniques , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems.

[6]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Modified positive output Luo converters , 1999, Proceedings of the IEEE 1999 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems. PEDS'99 (Cat. No.99TH8475).

[7]  M. Kazimierczuk.  Pulse-Width Modulated DC-DC Power Converters: Kazimierczuk/Pulse-width Modulated DC-DC Power Converters , 2008 .

[8]  V. Yousefzadeh,et al.  Proximate Time-Optimal Digital Control for Synchronous Buck DC–DC Converters , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[9]  Yu Hong,et al.  Single-chip quasi-PWM DC-DC converter with fast transient response comprising loop-bandwidth control , 2005 .

[10]  Chia-Ling Wei,et al.  Design of an Average-Current-Mode Noninverting Buck–Boost DC–DC Converter With Reduced Switching and Conduction Losses , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[11]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Development of Voltage Lift Technique on Double-Output Transformerless DC-DC Converter , 2007, IECON 2007 - 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[12]  F. Luo,et al.  Positive output super-lift converters , 2003 .

[13]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Positive output Luo converters: voltage lift technique , 1999 .

[14]  Gyu-Hyeong Cho,et al.  Zero$^{\rm th}$-Order Control of Boost DC-DC Converter With Transient Enhancement Scheme , 2013, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[15]  Ke-Horng Chen,et al.  Time-Multiplexing Current Balance Interleaved Current-Mode Boost DC-DC Converter for Alleviating the Effects of Right-half-plane Zero , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[16]  K. I. Hwu,et al.  A Novel Voltage-boosting Converter: KY Converter , 2007, APEC 07 - Twenty-Second Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.

[17]  Philip K. T. Mok,et al.  A Fast Fixed-Frequency Adaptive-On-Time Boost Converter With Light Load Efficiency Enhancement and Predictable Noise Spectrum , 2013, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[18]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Negative output super-lift converters , 2003 .

[19]  Vivek De,et al.  Low-voltage-swing monolithic dc-dc conversion , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[20]  Tsz Yin Man,et al.  Design of Fast-Response On-Chip Current Sensor for Current-Mode Controlled Buck Converters with MHz Switching Frequency , 2007, 2007 IEEE Conference on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits.

[21]  Hoi-Jun Yoo,et al.  A regulated charge pump with small ripple voltage and fast start-up , 2006 .

[22]  L. Martinez-Salamero,et al.  An$H_infty $Control Strategy for Switching Converters in Sliding-Mode Current Control , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[23]  Henry Shu-Hung Chung,et al.  State trajectory prediction control for boost converters , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37512).

[24]  K. I. Hwu,et al.  A Novel Buck–Boost Converter Combining KY and Buck Converters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[25]  Hing-Kit Kwan,et al.  Design and Analysis of Dual-Mode Digital-Control Step-Up Switched-Capacitor Power Converter With Pulse-Skipping and Numerically Controlled Oscillator-Based Frequency Modulation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems.

[26]  Zhigang Liang,et al.  A Family of Multimodes Charge Pump based DC–DC Converter With High Efficiency over Wide Input and Output Range , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[27]  Lijie Qi,et al.  Robust Control of Boost Converter , 2017, 2017 2nd International Conference on Cybernetics, Robotics and Control (CRC).

[28]  Thomas A. Lipo,et al.  2005-38 Generalized Steady-state Analysis of Multiphase Interleaved Boost Converter with Coupled , 2005 .

[29]  Jau-Horng Chen,et al.  Spur-Reduction Design of Frequency-Hopping DC–DC Converters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[30]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Positive output multiple-lift push-pull switched-capacitor Luo-converters , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[31]  K.I. Hwu,et al.  KY Converter and Its Derivatives , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[32]  Fang Lin Luo,et al.  Negative output super-lift Luo-Converters , 2003, IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03..

[33]  S. Maity,et al.  Analysis and Modeling of an FFHC-Controlled DC–DC Buck Converter Suitable for Wide Range of Operating Conditions , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.