Frequency domain beamforming techniques

It is well known that sensor signals must be sampled at a rate much higher than the Nyquist rate to minimize degradations of side lobe levels and maximum response axis gain in sampled time domain beamformers. Various frequency domain techniques can be employed to form beamswithout requiring this excessively high data rate that can cause data management problems in programmable signal processors. Techniques applicable to line, ring, cylindrical and spherical arrays are developed.