Procedural 3D Caves, Clouds and Architecture Generation Method Based on Shape Grammar and Morphing

This paper presents a new procedural 3D modelconstruction algorithm that benefits from a combination of discrete and continuous modeling approaches. Our algorithm models complex scene components such as caves, architectural buildings, and clouds. The method combines the discrete descriptiveness of shape grammars with the continuous flexibility of shape morphing. This combination allows for a modeling approach that can be controlled by a morphing parameter to produce various types of geometry. In the paper, we focus on the description of the algorithm while also showing its capabilities in generating complex scene components.

[1]  Pantelis Elinas,et al.  Real-time Rendering of 3D Clouds , 2000, J. Graphics, GPU, & Game Tools.

[2]  Barbara Anne am Ende.  3D Mapping of Underwater Caves , 2001, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[3]  Michael Wimmer,et al.  Instant architecture , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[4]  George Wolberg,et al.  Image morphing: a survey , 1998, The Visual Computer.

[5]  Alexander S. Poznyak,et al.  Convergence method, properties and computational complexity for Lyapunov games , 2011, Int. J. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci..

[6]  Kazufumi Kaneda,et al.  A simple, efficient method for realistic animation of clouds , 2000, SIGGRAPH.

[7]  Stefan Greuter,et al.  Real-time procedural generation of `pseudo infinite' cities , 2003, GRAPHITE '03.

[8]  Roger Crawfis,et al.  Explicit Generation of 3D Models of Solution Caves for Virtual Environments , 2009, CGVR.

[9]  Tamer Inanc,et al.  NTGsim: A graphical user interface and a 3D simulator for nonlinear trajectory generation methodology , 2010, Int. J. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci..

[10]  George Stiny,et al.  Pictorial and Formal Aspects of Shape and Shape Grammars , 1975 .

[11]  Wayne E. Carlson,et al.  Shape transformation for polyhedral objects , 1992, SIGGRAPH.

[12]  George Stiny,et al.  Shape Grammars and the Generative Specification of Painting and Sculpture , 1971, IFIP Congress.

[13]  Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz,et al.  The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants , 1990, The Virtual Laboratory.

[14]  Yoshinori Dobashi,et al.  Display of clouds taking into account multiple anisotropic scattering and sky light , 1996, SIGGRAPH.

[15]  William E. Lorensen,et al.  Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm , 1987, SIGGRAPH.

[16]  Luiz Velho,et al.  Implicit Objects in Computer Graphics , 2002, Springer New York.

[17]  David S. Ebert,et al.  A real-time cloud modeling, rendering, and animation system , 2003, SCA '03.

[18]  Doug A. Bowman,et al.  The benefits of immersion for spatial understanding of complex underground cave systems , 2007, VRST '07.

[19]  James F. O'Brien,et al.  Shape transformation using variational implicit functions , 1999, SIGGRAPH 1999.

[20]  Tomek Martyn.  A new approach to morphing 2D affine IFS fractals , 2004, Comput. Graph..

[21]  David P. Dobkin,et al.  Multiresolution mesh morphing , 1999, SIGGRAPH.

[22]  Julian Togelius,et al.  Cellular automata for real-time generation of infinite cave levels , 2010, PCGames@FDG.

[23]  Pascal Müller.  Procedural modeling of cities , 2006, SIGGRAPH Courses.

[24]  Eric Galin,et al.  Arches: a Framework for Modeling Complex Terrains , 2009, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[25]  Anne Verroust-Blondet,et al.  Three-dimensional metamorphosis: a survey , 1998, The Visual Computer.

[26]  G. Stiny.  Introduction to Shape and Shape Grammars , 1980 .