Studies in the Control of Emissions in Small-Scale Incineration Systems.

Abstract : The two research projects undertaken at UCLA under this grant have focused on the analysis and control of mixing and reaction processes during the destruction of hazardous waste surrogates as well as pyrolysis gas surrogates from a primary treatment system such as plasma arc pyrolysis. Both projects have relevance to the thermal treatment and destruction of shipboard wastes generated on Navy vessels, and both projects have demonstrated extremely high degrees of efficiency and toxic emissions reduction. The first project, the resonant incinerator/afterburner or 'trapped vortex' combustor, produced waste surrogate destruction efficiencies (DREs) which exceeded U.S. EPA standards by four orders of magnitude under appropriate conditions of external acoustical forcing. Detailed laser diagnostics and numerical simulation of the device enabled insight into the physical processes behind such excellent performance. The second project, the lobed injector/burner, is a concept which provides a means of rapid initial mixing of fuel/waste/off-gas and air in a thermal destruction device via passive flow control. Experiments as well as numerical modeling demonstrated a significant degree of mixing enhancement in lobed injector flowfields, in addition to the potential for ignition delay and the associated reduction in toxic emissions.

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