Modeling Ancient Population Structures and Movement in Linguistics

▪ Abstract Linguistic population structure is described in terms of language families. Geographical distributions of language families respond to climate, latitude, and economic factors. Characteristic shapes of phylogenetic descent trees for language families reflect particular types, rates, directionalities, and chronologies of spread. Languages move in predictable ways in particular geographical, economic, and social contexts. In this chapter, the linguistic prehistories of four continents are surveyed with regard to linguistic spreads, linguistic diversity, and language family origins.

[1]  H. H. Hock.  Principles of historical linguistics , 1986 .

[2]  L. Hinton.  Takic and Yuman: A Study in Phonological Convergence , 1991, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[3]  R. Wixman.  Language aspects of ethnic patterns and processes in the north Caucasus , 1980 .

[4]  Alberto Piazza,et al.  The History and Geography of Human Genes: Abridged paperback Edition , 1996 .

[5]  Joseph H. Greenberg,et al.  The Languages of Africa , 1963 .

[6]  M. Haas.  Algonkian-Ritwan: The End of a Controversy , 1958, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[7]  Barry J. Blake,et al.  Redefining Pama Nyungan: towards the prehistory of Australian languages , 1988 .

[8]  Johanna Nichols,et al.  AND THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE NEW WORLD , 1990 .

[9]  C. Moseley,et al.  Atlas of the world's languages , 1994 .

[10]  Rhys Jones,et al.  Luminescence dating of sediments: New light on the human colonisation of Australia , 1994 .

[11]  Donald Arthur Ringe.  On Calculating the Factor of Chance in Language Comparison , 1992 .

[12]  B. Joseph,et al.  Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship: An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics , 1996 .

[13]  Sheila Embleton,et al.  Statistics in historical linguistics , 1986 .

[14]  R. Bettinger,et al.  The Numic Spread: Great Basin Cultures in Competition , 1982, American Antiquity.

[15]  O. Stolbova,et al.  Hamito-Semitic etymological dictionary , 1994 .

[16]  S. Lamb.  Linguistic Prehistory in the Great Basin , 1958, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[17]  Don Ringe.  A Probabilistic Evaluation of Indo-Uralic , 1998 .

[18]  D. F. Roberts,et al.  The History and Geography of Human Genes , 1996 .

[19]  C. F. Voegelin,et al.  LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD--INDO-PACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE. , 1964 .

[20]  P. Sinclair,et al.  The Archaeology of Africa : Food, Metals and Towns , 1996 .

[21]  The Little Ice Age , 1989 .

[22]  N. D. Pidgen,et al.  The Comparative Method , 1987 .

[23]  Jeffrey Heath.  Linguistic Diffusion in Arnhem Land , 1978 .

[24]  Henry M. Hoenigswald,et al.  Language Change and Linguistic Reconstruction , 1960 .

[25]  D. Libby,et al.  The Peoples of Siberia , 1964 .

[26]  Edward Sapir,et al.  WIYOT AND YUROK, ALGONKIN LANGUAGES OF CALIFORNIA , 1913 .

[27]  D. Anthony.  Migration in Archeology: The Baby and the Bathwater , 1990 .

[28]  Don Ringe.  The Mathematics of 'Amerind' , 1996 .

[29]  Stephen A. Wurm,et al.  Language atlas of the Pacific area , 1981 .

[30]  D. Ringe.  'Nostratic' and the Factor of Chance , 1995 .

[31]  K. Stevens,et al.  Linguistic experience alters phonetic perception in infants by 6 months of age. , 1992, Science.

[32]  Christopher Ehret,et al.  Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, Tone, Consonants, and Vocabulary , 1995 .

[33]  Johanna NlCHOLS.  The Eurasian spread zone and the Indo-European dispersal , 1998 .

[34]  M. Morwood,et al.  Themes in the prehistory of tropical Australia , 1995, Antiquity.

[35]  William C. Sturtevant,et al.  Handbook of North American Indians , 1978 .

[36]  Robert Dixon,et al.  The languages of Australia , 1980 .

[37]  Mark Durie,et al.  The comparative method reviewed : regularity and irregularity in language change , 1997 .

[38]  S. Lamb,et al.  Sprung from some common source : investigations into the prehistory of languages , 1991 .

[39]  M. B. Emeneau.  India as a Lingustic Area , 1956 .

[40]  M. L. Bender.  Nilo-Saharan language studies , 1985 .

[41]  P. McConvell.  Backtracking to Babel : the chronology of Pama-Nyungan expansion in Australia. by Patrick McConvell , 1996 .

[42]  J. Leer.  Evidence for a Northern Northwest Coast Language Area: Promiscuous Number Marking and Periphrastic Possessive Constructions in Haida, Eyak, and Aleut , 1991, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[43]  M. Pagel,et al.  A latitudinal gradient in the density of human languages in North America , 1995, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[44]  J. A. Suárez,et al.  The Mesoamerican Indian Languages , 1983 .

[45]  A. Sherratt,et al.  In Search of the Indo-Europeans; Language, Archaeology and Myth , 1990 .

[46]  J. Justeson,et al.  A Decipherment of Epi-Olmec Hieroglyphic Writing , 1993, Science.

[47]  Nicholas D. Evans,et al.  A grammar of Kayardild : with historical-comparative notes on Tangkic , 1995 .

[48]  April M. S. McMahon,et al.  Understanding language change: Frontmatter , 1994 .

[49]  Johanna Nichols,et al.  THE AMERIND PERSONAL PRONOUNS , 1996 .

[50]  Ken Whistler.  Wintun prehistory: An interpretation based on linguistic reconstruction of plant and animal nomenclature , 1977 .

[51]  J. Tischler.  Glottochronologie und Lexikostatistik , 1973 .

[52]  Donald A. Ringe join.  On Calculating the Factor of Chance in Language Comparison , 1992 .

[53]  Lyle Campbell,et al.  Meso-America as a linguistic area , 1986 .

[54]  Terry Crowley,et al.  An introduction to historical linguistics , 1987 .

[55]  Ives Goddard,et al.  The West-to-East Cline in Algonquian Dialectology , 1994 .

[56]  Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza,et al.  The Neolithic Transition and the Genetics of Populations in Europe. , 2009 .

[57]  H. R. Harvey,et al.  Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics , 1990 .

[58]  Henning Andersen,et al.  Center and periphery: adoption, diffusion, and spread , 1988 .

[59]  Nicholas Evans,et al.  Arguments for Pama-Nyungan as a genetic subgroup, with particular reference to initial laminalization , 1988 .

[60]  赤澤 威,et al.  Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals , 1996 .

[61]  W. Foley.  The Papuan Languages of New Guinea , 1986 .

[62]  P. Ladefoged,et al.  The sounds of the world's languages , 1996 .

[63]  Penelope Harvey,et al.  South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect , 1987 .

[64]  Isidore Dyen,et al.  Language Distribution and Migration Theory , 1956 .

[65]  M. L. Bender.  Chance CVC Correspondences in Unrelated Languages , 1969 .

[66]  Tandy J. Warnow,et al.  Reconstructing the evolutionary history of natural languages , 1996, SODA '96.

[67]  Stephen Smale,et al.  The mathematics of time , 1980 .

[68]  M. Haas.  The Prehistory of Languages , 1969 .

[69]  C. Stanish.  Ancient Andean Political Economy , 1992 .

[70]  A. Diebold,.  Determining the Centers of Dispersal of Language Groups , 1960, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[71]  M. Key,et al.  South American Indian Languages , 1987 .

[72]  B. Joseph,et al.  Historical Linguistics , 1999 .

[73]  J. Nichols.  Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time , 1992 .

[74]  David W. Anthony,et al.  Horse, wagon & chariot: Indo-European languages and archaeology , 1995, Antiquity.

[75]  Louisa R. Stark.  South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect , 1979, International Journal of American Linguistics.

[76]  Franklin C. Southworth.  Defining a Linguistic Area: South Asia , 1976 .

[77]  L. Bouquiaux,et al.  L'expansion bantoue , 1983 .

[78]  B. Orlove.  Andean Ecology and Civilization: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Andean Ecological Complementarity. SHOZO MASUDA, IZUMI SHIMADA, and CRAIG MORRIS , 1987 .

[79]  A. Pawley,et al.  Austronesian Historical Linguistics and Culture History , 1993 .