On oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the mammary gland.

Breast cancer in humans is associated with genetic alterations of a number of oncogenes (ErbB2, MYC, PIK3CA) and tumor suppressors (TP53, BRCA1/2, RB1, PTEN), as outlined by Lee and Muller. The use of genetically engineered mouse models harboring deletions or mutations in these genes has provided insight into how such alterations drive tumor initiation,progression, andmetastasis, andhow they influence responses to anticancer agents. Beyond these well-characterized alterations, there has been a recent explosion in new information regarding the molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer, and therefore a need to define thefunctionalrolesofnewlydescribedpotential

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