Measurement of the Absorption and Scattering Properties of Turbid Liquid Foods Using Hyperspectral Imaging

A hyperspectral imaging system in line scanning mode was used for measuring the absorption and scattering properties of turbid food materials over the visible and near-infrared region of 530–900 nm. An instrumental calibration procedure was developed to compensate for the nonuniform instrument response of the imaging system. A nonlinear curve-fitting algorithm for a steady-state diffusion theory model was proposed to determine absorption (μa) and reduced scattering coefficients (μ′s) from the spatially resolved hyperspectral reflectance profiles. The hyperspectral imaging system provided good measurement of μa and μ′s for the simulation samples made of Intralipid scattering material and three absorbers (blue dye, green dye, and black ink) with average fitting errors of 16% and 11%, respectively. The optical properties of the fruit and vegetable juices and milks were determined. Values of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficient at 600 nm were highly correlated to the fat content of the milk samples with the correlation coefficient of 0.995 and 0.998, respectively. Compared to time-resolved and frequency-domain techniques, the hyperspectral imaging technique provides a faster and simpler means for measuring the optical properties of turbid food and agricultural products.

[1]  W. H. Chang,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF A UNIVERSAL ALGORITHM FOR USE OF NIR IN ESTIMATION OF SOLUBLE SOLIDS IN FRUIT JUICES , 1998 .

[2]  H Saint-Jalmes,et al.  Integrating the digitized backscattered image to measure absorption and reduced-scattering coefficients in vivo. , 1999, Applied optics.

[3]  C. Depeursinge,et al.  Monte Carlo study of diffuse reflectance at source–detector separations close to one transport mean free path , 1999 .

[4]  H. A. Ferwerda,et al.  Scattering and absorption of turbid materials determined from reflection measurements. 1: theory. , 1983, Applied optics.

[5]  Sue E. Nokes,et al.  Fiber Optic Sensor Response to High Levels of Fat in Cream , 2002 .

[6]  R. Lu,et al.  An Improved Multispectral Imaging System for Apple Fruit Firmness Prediction , 2005 .

[7]  H. J. van Staveren,et al.  Light scattering in Intralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm. , 1991, Applied optics.

[8]  G. M. Hale,et al.  Optical Constants of Water in the 200-nm to 200-microm Wavelength Region. , 1973, Applied optics.

[9]  M. de la Guardia,et al.  PLS-NIR determination of total sugar, glucose, fructose and sucrose in aqueous solutions of fruit juices , 1997 .

[10]  Bruce J. Tromberg,et al.  Quantifying the Optical Properties and Chromophore Concentrations of Turbid Media by Chemometric Analysis of Hyperspectral Diffuse Reflectance Data Collected Using a Fourier Interferometric Imaging System , 2001 .

[11]  Renfu Lu.  Imaging Spectroscopy for Assessing Internal Quality of Apple Fruit , 2003 .

[12]  M. Nichols,et al.  Design and testing of a white-light, steady-state diffuse reflectance spectrometer for determination of optical properties of highly scattering systems. , 1997, Applied optics.

[13]  B. Wilson,et al.  A diffusion theory model of spatially resolved, steady-state diffuse reflectance for the noninvasive determination of tissue optical properties in vivo. , 1992, Medical physics.

[14]  R. Doornbos,et al.  The determination of in vivo human tissue optical properties and absolute chromophore concentrations using spatially resolved steady-state diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. , 1999, Physics in medicine and biology.

[15]  J. S. Dam,et al.  Fiber-optic probe for noninvasive real-time determination of tissue optical properties at multiple wavelengths. , 2001, Applied optics.

[16]  Jody T. Bruulsema,et al.  Correlation between blood glucose concentration in diabetics and noninvasively measured tissue optical scattering coefficient. , 1997, Optics letters.

[17]  M. Patterson,et al.  Determination of the optical properties of semi-infinite turbid media from frequency-domain reflectance close to the source , 1997, Physics in medicine and biology.

[18]  Yukihiro Ozaki,et al.  Wavelength—Wavelength and Sample—Sample Two-Dimensional Correlation Analyses of Short-Wave Near-Infrared Spectra of Raw Milk , 2001 .

[19]  V. Tuchin.  Tissue Optics: Light Scattering Methods and Instruments for Medical Diagnosis , 2000 .

[20]  Jianwei Qin,et al.  Hyperspectral diffuse reflectance imaging for rapid, noncontact measurement of the optical properties of turbid materials. , 2006, Applied optics.

[21]  P. Marquet,et al.  In vivo local determination of tissue optical properties: applications to human brain. , 1999, Applied optics.

[22]  I. Yaroslavsky,et al.  Inverse hybrid technique for determining the optical properties of turbid media from integrating-sphere measurements. , 1996, Applied optics.

[23]  Alessandro Torricelli,et al.  Time-Resolved Reflectance Spectroscopy Applied to the Nondestructive Monitoring of the Internal Optical Properties in Apples , 2001 .

[24]  S. Mohanty,et al.  Measurement of optical transport properties of normal and malignant human breast tissue. , 2001, Applied optics.

[25]  Yud-Ren Chen,et al.  Hyperspectral imaging for safety inspection of food and agricultural products , 1999, Other Conferences.

[26]  T Fearn,et al.  Near-infrared spectroscopy for dairy management: measurement of unhomogenized milk composition. , 1999, Journal of dairy science.

[27]  Jukka Räty,et al.  Reflectance Study of Milk in the UV-Visible Range , 1999 .

[28]  H. Wabnitz,et al.  Imaging in turbid media by photon density waves: spatial resolution and scaling relations. , 1997, Applied optics.