Optimal sizing of PV-Wind Hybrid energy system using Genetic Algorithm(GA) and Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

In this paper, the optimal sizing of solar, wind hybrid system using GA and PSO optimization techniques has done to minimize the total cost of the system which comprises of investment cost, running and maintenance costs, and get back prices of the each component of the system, to cater the electrical demand of remote areas where the transmission of power from longer distances is a costlier task. And to reduce the costs incurred due to the transmission losses. The system comprises of PV Cells, wind turbines for the purpose of power generation and batteries as storage equipment for the purpose of backup instead of using conventional sources as backup. And the comparison of the performance characteristics of the system has been carried out using GA and PSO optimization techniques. Withmatlab software the programs of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are developed to carry out the optimization in two different m-files. In general, now a days most of the electricity generation is based on the conventional energy resources. The use of these conventional energy sources like gas, oil, coal through the process of burning to generate electricity leads to the release of the greenhouse gases which leads to global warming. To save the earth and future generations we are adapting the use of non - conventional energy sources like wind energy, solar energy and several other forms of naturally available energies. The electricity which is generated at a place has to be transmitted to several long distances to cater the electrical need of the people. The transmission of electricity to the remote places where the generation of electricity through conventional forms of energy is not possible and is more costlier because, these places are in long distances from the generating stations, the transmission losses would be more. To avoid the raise in cost of the electricity supplied, it is advised to adapt the non - conventional energy sources like wind and solar. This paper deals with the use of solar energy generation in combination with wind energy and batteries to supply and store the energy during peak load and generation times. The sizing of the each energy system is most important in the consideration of initial, running, maintenance costs and supply of the connected load.The optimal and economical sizing of the entire system can be done through several optimization techniques, here we use Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques to find out the optimal size of the each individual system considering both economical and technical aspects. II. HYBRID SYSTEM MODEL A. Hybrid system Hybrid energy systems is more popular these days due to the raise in cost of conventional sources of energy and ever increasing demand for energy. Due to the above factors the use of hybrid systems with renewable energy sources has been increased and the systems having two or more energy sources to meet the demand and to improve the efficiency of the system. Usually most of the supply is in the form of alternating current (AC) only. Usually the energy generated using renewable energies is of the direct current(DC), to convert it into the usual AC form we need to connect an inverter in between the load and the system. To improve the working of the inverter and a dump load is connected across the inverter to consume the surplus energy.