Intracellular Ca2+ levels in rat ventricle cells exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field

Objective: Electromagnetic fields can affect intracellular Ca2+ levels. The aim of this study was to determine the changes intracellular Ca2+ concentration in cardiac ventricle cells of rats exposed to 0.25 mT (2.5 Gauss) magnetic field. Methods: Forty-five male rats were introduced to this study. The rats were divided into three groups: control, sham, and experiment. The experimental group was exposed to 0.25 mT extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field for 14 days, 3 h/day. The sham group was treated like the experimental group, except for elf-magnetic field exposure. The control group was not subjected to anything and differed from the experimental group and sham group. In the end of experiment, rats were sacrificed, cardiac tissue was removed, and these were fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Then, ventricular cells were stained by Alizarin red staining method. Results: In the light microscopic examinations of control groups, in myofibril structures between groups, changes were not observed. In myofibril regions of the experimental group compared to other groups, increased heterogen Ca2+ accumulations were found. Conclusion: ELF magnetic fields are used in daily life. The results of this study show that intracellular Ca2+ accumulation in cardiac ventricles can increase in rats exposed to ELF magnetic field.

[1]  H. Berg,et al.  Problems of weak electromagnetic field effects in cell biology. , 1999, Bioelectrochemistry and bioenergetics.

[2]  S. Dasdag,et al.  Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields in Safety Standards on Structure of Acidophilic and Basophilic Cells in Anterior Pituitary Gland of Rats: an Experimental Study , 2009 .

[3]  Per Gustavsson,et al.  Occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and mortality from cardiovascular disease. , 2003, American journal of epidemiology.

[4]  D. House,et al.  The influence of temperature during electric- and magnetic-field-induced alteration of calcium-ion release from in vitro brain tissue. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[5]  Philippe P Roux,et al.  Increased apoptosis, changes in intracellular Ca2+, and functional alterations in lymphocytes and macrophages after in vitro exposure to static magnetic field. , 1998, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A.

[6]  M R Cook,et al.  Nocturnal exposure to intermittent 60 Hz magnetic fields alters human cardiac rhythm. , 1998, Bioelectromagnetics.

[7]  The cardiac effects of a mobile phone positioned closest to the heart. , 2009, Anadolu kardiyoloji dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian journal of cardiology.

[8]  A. Sastre,et al.  Magnetic field exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality among electric utility workers. , 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

[9]  Y. Hamnerius,et al.  The influence of 50-Hz magnetic fields on cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations in human leukemia T-cells. , 1996, The Science of the total environment.

[10]  Y. Hamnerius,et al.  Ca2+ ion transport through patch-clamped cells exposed to magnetic fields. , 1995, Bioelectromagnetics.

[11]  R. Kavet,et al.  Occupational magnetic field exposure, cardiovascular disease mortality, and potential confounding by smoking. , 2005, Annals of epidemiology.

[12]  M. Kelsh,et al.  Mortality among a cohort of electric utility workers, 1960-1991. , 1997, American journal of industrial medicine.

[13]  C. Blackman,et al.  Reply to comments on “clarification and application of an ion parametric resonance model for magnetic field interactions with biological systems” , 1995 .

[14]  K. H. Mild,et al.  INABILITY OF 50HZ MAGNETIC FIELDS TO REGULATE PKC‐ AND CA2+‐DEPENDENT GENE EXPRESSION IN JURKAT CELLS , 2002, Cell biology international.

[15]  T. Budinger,et al.  Pulsed magnetic field effects on calcium signaling in lymphocytes: Dependence on cell status and field intensity , 1992, FEBS letters.

[16]  S. Dasdag,et al.  Alteration of Nitric Oxide Production in Rats Exposed to a Prolonged, Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field , 2007, Electromagnetic biology and medicine.

[17]  B. Greenebaum,et al.  An increase in the negative surface charge of U937 cells exposed to a pulsed magnetic field. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[18]  C. Graham,et al.  Cardiac autonomic control mechanisms in power-frequency magnetic fields: a multistudy analysis. , 2000, Environmental health perspectives.

[19]  T. Sorahan,et al.  Mortality from cardiovascular disease in relation to magnetic field exposure: findings from a study of UK electricity generation and transmission workers, 1973-1997. , 2004, American journal of industrial medicine.

[20]  Lack of an effect of static magnetic field on calcium efflux from isolated chick brains. , 1986, Bioelectromagnetics.

[21]  K. H. Mild,et al.  Intracellular calcium oscillations in a T-cell line after exposure to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields with variable frequencies and flux densities. , 1995, Bioelectromagnetics.

[22]  B. Veyret,et al.  Effects of ELF and static magnetic fields on calcium oscillations in islets of Langerhans. , 2003, Bioelectrochemistry.

[23]  D. Conover,et al.  50-Hertz magnetic field and calcium transients in Jurkat cells: results of a research and public information dissemination (RAPID) program study. , 2000, Environmental health perspectives.

[24]  Ferdinand J. Venditti,et al.  Reduced Heart Rate Variability and Mortalit Risk in an Elderly Cohort: The Framingham Heart Study , 1994, Circulation.

[25]  K. Norén,et al.  Occupational exposure , 1996, Environmental science and pollution research international.

[26]  M. Berridge,et al.  The versatility and universality of calcium signalling , 2000, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.

[27]  Erik Lundgren,et al.  Intracellular calcium oscillations induced in a T‐cell line by a weak 50 Hz magnetic field , 1993, Journal of cellular physiology.

[28]  D. B. Lyle,et al.  Intracellular calcium signaling by Jurkat T-lymphocytes exposed to a 60 Hz magnetic field. , 1997, Bioelectromagnetics.

[29]  D. Golan,et al.  Transmembrane calcium influx induced by ac electric fields , 1999, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[30]  S. Dasdag,et al.  The Effect of Long-Term Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field on Geometric and Biomechanical Properties of Rats' Bone , 2010, Electromagnetic biology and medicine.

[31]  S. Dasdag,et al.  ELF MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS ON FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PHOSPHOLIPID FRACTION AND REPRODUCTION OF RATS' TESTES , 2002 .

[32]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Calcium uptake by leukemic and normal T-lymphocytes exposed to low frequency magnetic fields. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[33]  H. A. Sadafi,et al.  A study of heart rate and heart rate variability in human subjects exposed to occupational levels of 50 Hz circularly polarised magnetic fields. , 1999, Medical engineering & physics.

[34]  B. Veyret,et al.  Stimulation of Ca2+ influx in rat pituitary cells under exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field. , 1996, Bioelectromagnetics.