From technology to activity development: the challenge of using students as participants in a PD project

The interest of evaluating new information technologies in real-life conditions "in the wild" has recently been increasing. For this new direction, researchers and technology developers need to find the real-life context in which to intervene and the users willing to test the prototype technologies in their everyday practices. Additional complications follow from the ecology of several applications used together. In this paper, experiences from a complex real-life experiment with a set of three research prototypes are analyzed. Based on the results, master-level students are competent users when evaluating individual prototypes but less suitable for integrating separate prototypes into meaningful ecology and envisioning a transition from a traditional way of working to a new one. For this task, users are needed who have a vision of the new and who recognize the problems and tensions between the old and the nascent new.

[1]  P. Healey Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies , 1997 .

[2]  Netta Iivari,et al.  Introducing usability activities into open source software development projects: a participative approach , 2012, NordiCHI.

[3]  Yvonne Rogers,et al.  Eliciting reactive and reflective feedback for a social communication tool: a multi-session approach , 2004, DIS '04.

[4]  Ahmed Seffah,et al.  Multiple user interfaces : cross-platform applications and context-aware interfaces , 2005 .

[5]  Yvonne Rogers,et al.  Interaction design gone wild: striving for wild theory , 2011, INTR.

[6]  Yvonne Rogers,et al.  Introduction to the Special Issue of “The Turn to The Wild” , 2013, TCHI.

[7]  Sari Kujala,et al.  User involvement: A review of the benefits and challenges , 2003, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[8]  M. Isomursu User experience evaluation with experimental pilots , 2008 .

[9]  Joseph S. Valacich,et al.  Designing Emergency Response Applications for Better Performance , 2009, ICIS.

[10]  K. Kuutti Activity theory as a potential framework for human-computer interaction research , 1995 .

[11]  Erik Stolterman,et al.  Toward a framework for ecologies of artifacts: how are digital artifacts interconnected within a personal life? , 2008, NordiCHI.

[12]  Bonnie A. Nardi,et al.  Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart , 1999 .

[13]  Jarkko Bamberg,et al.  Engaging the public with online discussion and spatial annotations: The generation and transformation of public knowledge , 2013 .

[14]  D. Larcker,et al.  PERCEIVED USEFULNESS OF INFORMATION: A PSYCHOMETRIC EXAMINATION* , 1980 .

[15]  E. Hippel,et al.  Lead users: a source of novel product concepts , 1986 .

[16]  Helka-Liisa Hentilä,et al.  Boosting web-based public participation in urban planning with a group of key stakeholders , 2010, PDC '10.

[17]  J. Innes,et al.  Reframing public participation: strategies for the 21st century , 2004 .

[18]  Laurent Karsenty,et al.  Inter‐Usability of Multi‐Device Systems – A Conceptual Framework , 2005 .

[19]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Distributed User Experience in Persuasive Technology Environments , 2007, PERSUASIVE.

[20]  Tonya Barrier,et al.  Are Graduate Students Appropriate Research Surrogates for Managers in Evaluating New IS Technology: The Case of Intelligent Systems Users , 1993 .

[21]  Maarit Kahila,et al.  The Use of Web­based SoftGIS Method in the Urban Planning Practices , 2006 .

[22]  P. Sachs Shadows in the Soup: Conceptions of Work and the Nature of Evidence , 1993 .

[23]  Katarina Segerståhl,et al.  Crossmedia Systems Constructed around Human Activities: A Field Study and Implications for Design , 2009, INTERACT.

[24]  Jan Stage,et al.  Prototyping and Specifying: Principles and Practices of a Mixed Approach , 1995, Scand. J. Inf. Syst..

[25]  Ellen Christiansen,et al.  Selecting and evoking innovators: combining democracy and creativity , 2006, NordiCHI '06.

[26]  Y. Engeström,et al.  Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research , 2014 .

[27]  Tone Bratteteig,et al.  Disentangling power and decision-making in participatory design , 2012, PDC '12.

[28]  Barry A. T. Brown,et al.  Into the wild: challenges and opportunities for field trial methods , 2011, CHI.

[29]  Lars Erik Holmquist,et al.  User-driven innovation in the future applications lab , 2004, CHI EA '04.

[30]  D. Kolb,et al.  Planning in the Face of Power. , 1988 .

[31]  Blake Ives,et al.  The measurement of user information satisfaction , 1983, CACM.

[32]  Y. Engeström,et al.  The change laboratory as a tool for transforming work , 1996 .

[33]  Erik Stolterman,et al.  The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as manifestations of design ideas , 2008, TCHI.

[34]  Jodi Forlizzi,et al.  The Product Ecology: Understanding Social Product Use and Supporting Design Culture , 2008 .

[35]  Nigel Taylor,et al.  Urban Planning Theory Since 1945 , 1998 .

[36]  Andrea Botero,et al.  A long-term strategy for designing (in) the wild: lessons from the urban mediator and traffic planning in Helsinki , 2012, DIS '12.

[37]  Evangelos Karapanos,et al.  Characterizing the Diversity in Users' Perceptions , 2007, INTERACT.

[38]  Jonathan Grudin,et al.  Obstacles to participatory design in large product development organizations , 1990 .

[39]  Said S. Al-Gahtani,et al.  Attitudes, satisfaction and usage: Factors contributing to each in the acceptance of information technology , 1999, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[40]  Erik Stolterman,et al.  The Nature of Design Practice and Implications for Interaction Design Research , 2008 .