Automated 3D Wireframe Modeling of Indoor Structures from Point Clouds Using Constrained Least-Squares Adjustment for As-Built BIM

AbstractAutomated three-dimensional (3D) modeling of building interiors for an as-built building information model (BIM) incurs critical difficulties because of the complex design of indoor structures and a variety of clutter from scanned point clouds. This paper proposes a scheme for automated 3D geometric modeling of indoor structures, including detailed components such as windows and open doors. Moreover, to produce a regularized model, we imposed constrained least-squares adjustment according to an assumption made with respect to typical indoor structures: walls, ceiling, floor, doors, and windows are composed of straight lines, either parallel or orthogonal. Modeling proceeds in two main phases: wall modeling and window modeling. In the wall modeling phase, the point-cloud acquisitions are projected onto a 2D binary image and the wall boundary is traced out. The boundary is regularized by means of the constrained least-squares method, and, thereby, a 2D floor boundary map can be obtained that later p...

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