Implications of Openness: A Study into (All) the Growing Literature on Open Innovation

Seven years after Chesbrough published the first book on open innovation; the field has literally exploded, and is continuing to do so at an increasing speed. Earlier overviews have analyzed the current status of the field at different points in time. The purpose with this paper is to take this research one step further and analyze gaps in the field as it has progressed up to date, and also discuss the managerial implications of that literature. All scientific literature (as found through major databases) published in English on open innovation has been analyzed qualitatively. The paper identifies current streams in the literature and identifies key issues that future research needs to solve. Compared to earlier reviews, we identify a shift in the direction that the research is taken. The paper discusses why this may be the case and speculates on the future of the field.

[1]  Karim R. Lakhani,et al.  Getting Clear About Communities in Open Innovation , 2008 .

[2]  Lorraine Morgan,et al.  Deciding on Open Innovation: An Exploration of How Firms Create and Capture Value with Open Source Software , 2008, Open IT-Based Innovation.

[3]  R. Rothwell.  Successful industrial innovation: critical factors for the 1990s , 1992 .

[4]  Patrick Finnegan,et al.  Governance Structures for Open Innovation: A Preliminary Framework , 2008, Open IT-Based Innovation.

[5]  H. Ernst,et al.  Intermediary Services in the Markets for Technology: Organizational Antecedents and Performance Consequences , 2008 .

[6]  Paul Michael Di Gangi,et al.  Steal my idea! Organizational adoption of user innovations from a user innovation community: A case study of Dell IdeaStorm , 2009, Decis. Support Syst..

[7]  M. Perkmann,et al.  University Industry Relationships and Open Innovation: Towards a Research Agenda , 2007 .

[8]  Ana M. Bernardos,et al.  Open IT-Based Innovation: Moving Towards Cooperative IT Transfer and Knowledge Diffusion, IFIP TC8 WG 8.6 International Working Conference, October 22-24, 2008, Madrid, Spain , 2008, Open IT-Based Innovation.

[9]  Joachim Henkel,et al.  Champions of Revealing - the Role of Open Source Developers in Commercial Firms , 2008 .

[10]  Bruce Tether,et al.  Beyond industry–university links: Sourcing knowledge for innovation from consultants, private research organisations and the public science-base , 2008 .

[11]  M. Sawhney,et al.  Communities of Creation: Managing Distributed Innovation in Turbulent Markets , 2000 .

[12]  S. Roper,et al.  Intellectual Property management in publicly funded R&D centres—A comparison of university-based and company-based research centres , 2008 .

[13]  Stefanie Bröring,et al.  Organising new business development: open innovation at Degussa , 2008 .

[14]  Brian Donnellan,et al.  The Triple Helix, Open Innovation, and the DOI Research Agenda , 2007, Organizational Dynamics of Technology-Based Innovation.

[15]  Protecting IP in Collaborative Research , 2008 .

[16]  D. Mowery.  Plus ca change: Industrial R&D in the “third industrial revolution” , 2008 .

[17]  John Bessant,et al.  Dealing with discontinuous innovation: the European experience , 2008, Int. J. Technol. Manag..

[18]  J. West,et al.  Open innovation : researching a new paradigm , 2008 .

[19]  Tobias Fredberg,et al.  Managing Open Innovation: Present Findings and Future Directions, , 2007 .

[20]  Ulrich Lichtenthaler,et al.  RETRACTED: Technology commercialization intelligence: Organizational antecedents and performance consequences , 2009 .

[21]  Jina Kang,et al.  HOW DO FIRMS SOURCE EXTERNAL KNOWLEDGE FOR INNOVATION? ANALYSING EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT KNOWLEDGE SOURCING METHODS , 2009 .

[22]  Julien Pénin,et al.  Research tool patents and free-libre biotechnology: A suggested unified framework , 2008 .

[23]  H. Ernst,et al.  Innovation Intermediaries: Why Internet Marketplaces for Technology Have Not Yet Met the Expectations , 2008 .

[24]  Jacques Bughin,et al.  The next step in open innovation , 2008 .

[25]  Yi Xu,et al.  Innovation Contests, Open Innovation, and Multiagent Problem Solving , 2008, Manag. Sci..

[26]  Bruno Cassiman,et al.  Strategic organization of R&D: the choice of basicness and openness , 2009 .

[27]  Francesco Rullani,et al.  Online Communities and Open Innovation: Governance and Symbolic Value Creation , 2011 .

[28]  Joel West,et al.  Patterns of Open Innovation in Open Source Software , 2006 .

[29]  U. Lichtenthaler.  RETRACTED: Externally commercializing technology assets: An examination of different process stages , 2008 .

[30]  H. Chesbrough.  The Era of Open Innovation , 2003 .

[31]  Robert G. Cooper,et al.  How Companies are Reinventing Their Idea-to-Launch Methodologies , 2009 .

[32]  Robert Kirschbaum,et al.  Open Innovation In Practice , 2005 .

[33]  H. Chesbrough,et al.  Understanding the advantages of open innovation practices in corporate venturing in terms of real options , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management.

[34]  J. Füller,et al.  Brand Community Members as a Source of Innovation , 2008 .

[35]  Jesper Vej,et al.  Creativity and Innovation Management , 2011 .

[36]  Jonas Kuschel.  The Vehicle Ecosystem , 2008, Open IT-Based Innovation.

[37]  Joakim Wincent,et al.  Network Board Continuity and Effectiveness of Open Innovation in Swedish Strategic Small-Firm Networks , 2009 .

[38]  Ulrich Lichtenthaler,et al.  Open Innovation in Practice: An Analysis of Strategic Approaches to Technology Transactions , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management.

[39]  Lee Fleming,et al.  Scanning the Commons? Evidence on the Benefits to Startups Participating in Open Standards Development , 2009, Manag. Sci..

[40]  D. Faems,et al.  Book review: Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm / by H. Chesbrough, W. Vanhaverbeke and J. West. - Oxford University Press. - ISBN 978-0-19929072-7 , 2008 .

[41]  Donald R. Cooper,et al.  Business Research Methods , 1980 .

[42]  Yogesh Kumar Dwivedi,et al.  The Diffusion of Research on the Adoption and Diffusion of Information Technology , 2008, Open IT-Based Innovation.

[43]  H. Chesbrough,et al.  Open Innovation and Strategy , 2007 .

[44]  Robert G. Cooper,et al.  Perspective: The Stage‐Gate® Idea‐to‐Launch Process—Update, What's New, and NexGen Systems* , 2008 .

[45]  U. Lichtenthaler.  Open innovation and the importance of actively managing outward technology transfer , 2008 .

[46]  Chih-Kai Chen,et al.  Causal modeling of knowledge‐based economy , 2008 .

[47]  Gonzalo León.  Cooperative Models for Information Technology Transfer in the Context of Open Innovation , 2007, Organizational Dynamics of Technology-Based Innovation.

[48]  C. Herstatt,et al.  The Freedom-Fighters: How Incumbent Corporations Are Attempting To Control User-Innovation , 2008 .

[49]  S. Ollila,et al.  Exploring the field of open innovation , 2009 .

[50]  H. Gemünden,et al.  Role Models for Radical Innovations in Times of Open Innovation , 2007 .

[51]  G. Slowinski,et al.  Effective Practices for Sourcing Innovation , 2009 .

[52]  Susan Greener,et al.  Business Research Methods , 2008 .

[53]  Dominik Walcher,et al.  Toolkits for Idea Competitions: A Novel Method to Integrate Users in New Product Development , 2006 .

[54]  Sigvald Harryson.  Entrepreneurship through Relationships Navigating from Creativity to Commercialisation , 2008 .

[55]  Henry Chesbrough,et al.  The Two Sides of Open Business Models , 2009 .

[56]  Zi-Lin He,et al.  Exploration vs. Exploitation: An Empirical Test of the Ambidexterity Hypothesis , 2004, Organ. Sci..

[57]  N. Franke,et al.  Value Creation by Toolkits for User Innovation and Design: The Case of the Watch Market , 2004 .

[58]  Ulrich Lichtenthaler,et al.  Leveraging technology assets in the presence of markets for knowledge , 2008 .

[59]  Ari Jantunen,et al.  Enabling Open Innovation Process Through Interactive Methods: Scenarios And Group Decision Support Systems , 2009 .

[60]  Ji-Hoon Lee,et al.  Different characteristics between auctioned and non-auctioned patents , 2009, Scientometrics.