Research on operation cost minimization online energy management strategy for fuel cell hybrid passenger vehicles

The excellent fuel economy of fuel cell passenger vehicles has facilitated its applications. However, high operation costs including economic costs and degradation costs of power source make it uncompetitive. To minimize total operating costs, a new operation cost minimization online energy management strategy (OCMO-EMS) combining dynamic programming (DP) with control rule extraction is proposed in this work. Firstly, both the hydrogen consumption and degradation of power source are incorporated into multi-objective cost function, an improved DP is introduced to generate the globally optimal results. Then, for online application of globally optimal results, a new control rule extraction method that combines fixed thresholds with local working probability is raised. This method effectively extracts control rules to obtain near-optimal result and reduce calibration workload. In the end, offline and hardware in loop (HIL) simulations are carried out on China Light-duty vehicle Test Cycle-Passenger (CLTC_P). Compared with the power-following strategy, the OCMO-EMS reduces the total operating costs by 22.6%. Meanwhile, the total costs difference between DP and OCMO-EMS are within 4%. The HIL results are consistent with offline simulation. Therefore, the strategy proposed in this work can served as a theoretically reference for EMS design of fuel cell passenger vehicles.

[1]  P. G. Anselma.  Dynamic Programming Based Rapid Energy Management of Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Constraints on Smooth Driving, Battery State-of-Charge and Battery State-of-Health , 2022, Energies.

[2]  Yizhou Xiao,et al.  Dynamic programming based economic day-ahead scheduling of integrated tri-generation energy system with hybrid energy storage , 2021, Journal of Energy Storage.

[3]  Qian Xun,et al.  An adaptive power split strategy with a load disturbance compensator for fuel cell/supercapacitor powertrains , 2021, Journal of Energy Storage.

[4]  H. Mu,et al.  Integrated energy systems with CCHP and hydrogen supply: A new outlet for curtailed wind power , 2021 .

[5]  M. Dhimish,et al.  Investigating the stability and degradation of hydrogen PEM fuel cell , 2021, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[6]  N. M. Suhadis,et al.  An effective proportional-double derivative-linear quadratic regulator controller for quadcopter attitude and altitude control , 2021, Automatika.

[7]  Piyush Girade,et al.  Comparative analysis of state of charge based adaptive supervisory control strategies of plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2021 .

[8]  Xiaodong Wu,et al.  A real-time optimization energy management of range extended electric vehicles for battery lifetime and energy consumption , 2021 .

[9]  Tiancai Ma,et al.  Comparison of Two Energy Management Strategies Considering Power System Durability for PEMFC-LIB Hybrid Logistics Vehicle , 2021, Energies.

[10]  Xinyou Lin,et al.  Real-time optimization strategy by using sequence quadratic programming with multivariate nonlinear regression for a fuel cell electric vehicle , 2021 .

[11]  Dongpu Cao,et al.  Optimization-oriented adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy based on short-term demand power prediction for fuel cell hybrid vehicle , 2021, Energy.

[12]  Benjamín Pla,et al.  Exploiting driving history for optimising the Energy Management in plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2021, Energy Conversion and Management.

[13]  Yang Zhou,et al.  Real-time cost-minimization power-allocating strategy via model predictive control for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles , 2021 .

[14]  Kay Hameyer,et al.  Offline optimal energy management strategies considering high dynamics in batteries and constraints on fuel cell system power rate: From analytical derivation to validation on test bench , 2021 .

[15]  Qian Xun,et al.  Design and experimental verification of a fuel cell/supercapacitor passive configuration for a light vehicle , 2020, Journal of Energy Storage.

[16]  Dongpu Cao,et al.  Data-driven approach for short-term power demand prediction of fuel cell hybrid vehicles , 2020 .

[17]  Othmane Abdelkhalek,et al.  Comparative study of energy management strategies for hybrid proton exchange membrane fuel cell four wheel drive electric vehicle , 2020 .

[18]  Zuomin Dong,et al.  Optimal energy management with balanced fuel economy and battery life for large hybrid electric mining truck , 2020, Journal of Power Sources.

[19]  Xiaosong Hu,et al.  Aging-aware co-optimization of battery size, depth of discharge, and energy management for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles , 2020 .

[20]  Yue Wang,et al.  Optimal rule design methodology for energy management strategy of a power-split hybrid electric bus , 2019, Energy.

[21]  Suk Won Cha,et al.  Optimal Energy Management of the Electric Excavator Using Super Capacitor , 2019, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology.

[22]  Datong Qin,et al.  Research on a multi-objective hierarchical prediction energy management strategy for range extended fuel cell vehicles , 2019, Journal of Power Sources.

[23]  Alexandre Ravey,et al.  Online adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle considering power sources degradation , 2019, Energy Conversion and Management.

[24]  Liangfei Xu,et al.  Energy management and component sizing for a fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid powertrain based on two-dimensional optimization algorithms , 2019, Energy.

[25]  Noureddine Zerhouni,et al.  Review on health-conscious energy management strategies for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles: Degradation models and strategies , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[26]  Javad Mahmoudimehr,et al.  A novel multi-objective Dynamic Programming optimization method: Performance management of a solar thermal power plant as a case study , 2019, Energy.

[27]  Tao Zhang,et al.  A comprehensive evaluation framework to evaluate energy management strategies of fuel cell electric vehicles , 2018, Electrochimica Acta.

[28]  Tong Zhang,et al.  A review of automotive proton exchange membrane fuel cell degradation under start-stop operating condition , 2018 .

[29]  Liangfei Xu,et al.  Multi-objective energy management optimization and parameter sizing for proton exchange membrane hybrid fuel cell vehicles , 2016 .

[30]  Dingxuan Zhao,et al.  Design and analysis of a fuel cell supercapacitor hybrid construction vehicle , 2016 .

[31]  Suk Won Cha,et al.  Prolonging fuel cell stack lifetime based on Pontryagin's Minimum Principle in fuel cell hybrid vehicles and its economic influence evaluation , 2014 .

[32]  Jianqiu Li,et al.  Multi-mode control strategy for fuel cell electric vehicles regarding fuel economy and durability , 2014 .

[33]  Xudong Zhang,et al.  Real-time predictive energy management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for coordination of fuel economy and battery degradation , 2021 .