A Shoelace-Based QoS Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Directional Antenna

In this paper, we propose a new quality-of-service (QoS) routing protocol for mobile ad hoc network (MANET) using directional antennas. The proposed scheme offers a bandwidth-based routing protocol for QoS support in MANET using the concept of multi-path. Our MAC sub-layer adopts the CDMA-over-TDMA channel model. The on-demand QoS routing protocol calculates the end-to-end bandwidth and allocates bandwidth from the source node to the destination node. The paths are combined with multiple cross links, called shoelace, when the network bandwidth is strictly limited. Due to the property of the directional antenna, these cross links can transmit data simultaneously without any data interference. We develop a shoelace-based on-demand QoS routing protocol by identifying shoelaces in a MANET so as to construct a QoS route, which satisfied the bandwidth requirement, more easily. The shoelace-based route from the source to the destination is a route whose sub-path is constructed by shoelace structure. With the identified shoelaces, our shoelace-based scheme offers a higher success rate to construct a QoS route. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol outperform existing QoS routing protocols in terms of success rate, throughput, and average latency.

[1]  Yang Li,et al.  Analysis of multipath routing for ad hoc networks using directional antennas , 2004, IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004.

[2]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  A cross-layer approach for designing directional routing protocol in MANETs , 2005, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2005.

[3]  Ram Ramanathan,et al.  Ad hoc networking with directional antennas: a complete system solution , 2005, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[4]  Yu-Dong Yao,et al.  Multipath routing in ad hoc networks using directional antennas , 2004, 2004 IEEE/Sarnoff Symposium on Advances in Wired and Wireless Communications.

[5]  Roberto Bergami,et al.  Editorial Board member , 2004, Biological Psychology.

[6]  A. Grilo,et al.  Stealth constrained routing optimization using directional antennas in mobile ad-hoc networks , 2004, IEEE MILCOM 2004. Military Communications Conference, 2004..

[7]  Yu-Chee Tseng,et al.  A Multi-path QoS Routing Protocol in a Wireless Mobile ad Hoc Network , 2001, ICN.

[8]  Somprakash Bandyopadhyay,et al.  A distributed feedback control mechanism for priority-based flow-rate control to support QoS provisioning in ad hoc wireless networks with directional antenna , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577).

[9]  S. Tanaka,et al.  A priority-based QoS routing protocol with zone reservation and adaptive call blocking for mobile ad hoc networks with directional antenna , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference Workshops, 2004. GlobeCom Workshops 2004..

[10]  Somprakash Bandyopadhyay,et al.  A network-aware MAC and routing protocol for effective load balancing in ad hoc wireless networks with directional antenna , 2003, MobiHoc '03.

[11]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Medium access control protocols using directional antennas in ad hoc networks , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[12]  Yuh-Shyan Chen,et al.  A time-slot leasing-based QoS routing protocol over Bluetooth WPANs , 2007, Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput..

[13]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Deafness: a MAC problem in ad hoc networks when using directional antennas , 2004, Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, 2004. ICNP 2004..

[14]  Amit Kumar Saha,et al.  Routing improvement using directional antennas in mobile ad hoc networks , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04..

[15]  Jian Tang,et al.  Interference-aware routing in multihop wireless networks using directional antennas , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[16]  C. R. Lin.  On-demand QoS routing in multihop mobile networks , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[17]  Ram Ramanathan,et al.  Ad hoc networking with directional antennas: a complete system solution , 2004, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[18]  Robert E. Hiromoto,et al.  On-demand routing using directional antennas in mobile ad hoc networks , 2000, Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (Cat.No.00EX440).

[19]  Leandros Tassiulas,et al.  A MAC protocol for full exploitation of directional antennas in ad-hoc wireless networks , 2003, MobiHoc '03.

[20]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  MDA: an efficient directional MAC scheme for wireless ad hoc networks , 2005, GLOBECOM '05. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2005..

[21]  Yuh-Shyan Chen,et al.  A Lantern-Tree-Based QoS On-Demand Multicast Protocol for a Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network , 2004 .

[22]  Yu-Chee Tseng,et al.  An on-demand, link-state, multi-path QoS routing in a wireless mobile ad-hoc network , 2004, Comput. Commun..

[23]  Jain-Shing Liu,et al.  QoS routing in ad hoc wireless networks , 1999, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[24]  Ariel Orda,et al.  Maximum-lifetime routing algorithms for networks with omnidirectional and directional antennas , 2005, MobiHoc '05.

[25]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Using directional antennas for medium access control in ad hoc networks , 2002, MobiCom '02.

[26]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  Route recovery mechanisms for ad hoc networks equipped with switched single beam antennas , 2005, 38th Annual Simulation Symposium.

[27]  B. Hamdaoui,et al.  Link-bandwidth calculation for QoS routing in wireless ad-hoc networks using directional communications , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Wireless Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing.