Scalp arteriovenous malformations.

AIMS We discuss our experience with the surgical management of scalp vascular malformation and review the literature on the subject. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A prospective case-control study of eight patients with scalp vascular malformations admitted to our hospital between 1997 and 2002. METHODS AND MATERIALS All the patients were investigated with selective internal and external carotid angiography. Depending upon the origin of feeding arteries, the scalp vascular malformations were classified into two categories: Group I: the primary scalp arteriovenous malformations and Group II: secondary venous dilatations. Six patients belonged to Group I and two patients were in Group II. RESULTS Five patients belonging to Group I underwent successful excision of the arteriovenous malformation. There was no recurrence in this group. Of the two patients in Group II, one patient who had scalp vascular dilatation simulating a primary scalp vascular malformation underwent excision of the lesion. This patient developed severe postoperative brain edema and died. CONCLUSIONS Primary scalp vascular malformation can be excised safely. However, excision of secondary scalp venous dilatation without treatment of the intracranial component can be dangerous.

[1]  V. Rajagopal,et al.  Surgical Management of Cirsoid Aneurysms , 2002, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[2]  F. Charbel,et al.  Arteriovenous malformation of the forehead, anterior scalp, and nasal dorsum. , 2000, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[3]  S. Erickson,et al.  Cirsoid aneurysm treatment by percutaneous injection of sodium tetradecyl sulfate. , 1996, Surgical neurology.

[4]  S. Iwabuchi,et al.  Treatment of scalp arteriovenous malformation. , 1996, Neurosurgery.

[5]  Dudley H. Davis,et al.  Operative Neurosurgical Techniques: Indications, Methods, and Results , 1995 .

[6]  T. G. Pait,et al.  Ideas and innovations. Scalp tourniquet , 1994 .

[7]  T. G. Pait,et al.  Scalp tourniquet. , 1994, British journal of plastic surgery.

[8]  J. Hodes,et al.  Curative treatment of scalp arteriovenous fistulas by direct puncture and embolization with absolute alcohol. Report of three cases. , 1991, Journal of neurosurgery.

[9]  R. Klucznik,et al.  Elimination of a cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp by direct percutaneous embolization with thrombogenic coils. Case report. , 1990, Journal of neurosurgery.

[10]  R. Higashida,et al.  Endovascular treatment of scalp arteriovenous fistulas associated with a large varix. , 1989, Radiology.

[11]  T. Morioka,et al.  Traumatic arteriovenous fistulae of the scalp at the area of previous craniotomy. , 1988, Surgical neurology.

[12]  L. Badejo,et al.  Traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the scalp. Case report. , 1987, Journal of neurosurgery.

[13]  B. Stein,et al.  Embolization of a traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the scalp with radiopaque Gelfoam pledgets. Case report and technical note. , 1976, Journal of neurosurgery.

[14]  R. Shepard Proceedings: Cirsoid arteriovenous malformations of the scalp. , 1975, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[15]  I. A. Stewart,et al.  Treatment of arteriovenous malformation by endarterial electrocoagulation , 1972, The British journal of surgery.

[16]  G. Khodadad Familial cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp , 1971, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[17]  H. Wilkinson Recurrence of vascular malformation of the scalp 18 years following excision. Case report. , 1971, Journal of neurosurgery.

[18]  J. J. Buckley,et al.  Report of Three Cases , 1962 .